Lecture 2- History of Lean

Question 1

What is the lean transformation framework?

Answer 1

Purpose- Solve customer problems for enterprise prosperity

Process- Evaluate value streams

People- Empower continuous improvement and responsibility

Question 2

Five principles of lean?

Answer 2

• Specific value
• Identify the value stream mapping
• Create flow so the product can move smoothly
• Let customer pull value through the process
• Pursue perfection with continue improvements (Kaizen)

Question 3

Mention some types of waste in Lean

Answer 3

Overproduction,
Waiting
Transportation
Over processing or incorrect processing
Excess inventory
Unnecessary movement
Defects
Unused employee creativety

Question 4

What is the purpose of Value Stream Mapping?

Answer 4

The purpose of VSM is to visualize and improve material and information flow. It’s also wants to create current state map and future state map.

Question 5

Guidelines to Lean VSL?

Answer 5

Produce to takt time

Enable continuous flow

Use supermarket if needed

Send schedule to only one production process

Level production in mix and volume

Create initial pull of consistent, small increments

Question 6

Give an explanation on Pull and Push system

Answer 6

Pull= Production based on forecast but can lead to overproduction of goods. Very common for seasonal products.

Pull= only produced when there is an order/demand. Much more responsive and reduces waste in greater scale compared to push systems.

Question 7

What are the four production strategies in Lean?

Answer 7

• Make to stock (MTS)
• Assembly to order (ATO)
• Make to order (MTO)
• Engineering to order (ETO)

Question 8

Make to Stock (MTS)

Answer 8

Mass production of certain goods. Its cheaper but downside is also the need of inventory storage but also raw materials.

Question 9

Assemble to order (ATO)?

Answer 9

Is standard product but is only completed when the customer makes the order. The parts are often selected from a catalogue.

Question 10

Make to order (MTO)?

Answer 10

Each order is specific compared to the ones above. The product is only made when customer makes the order.

Question 11

Engineer to order (ETO)?

Answer 11

A unique engineering is required per order. A very high customization and complexity are included in this form of production strategies. Items are made to customers specifications.

Question 12

Types of customizations?

Answer 12

Collaborative customization

Adaptive customization

Transparent customization

Cosmetic customization

Question 13

Explain servitization

Answer 13

A model where companies shift from only selling products to also providing services or only the services.