Lecture 2: Intellectual Revolution That Defined Society Flashcards
What are the four eras of history?
- Pre-history
- Ancient times
- Medieval ages
- Modern era
When did the modern era started?
When wide conquest of the Americans took place — started liberal revolutions
What is the systemic body of knowledge where systematic way of thinking started?
Science
This became the standard basis of human knowledge
Scientific revolution
What was the emergence of modern science during the early modern period?
Scientific revolution
When and Where did science revolution began?
Toward the end of the renaissance period (1543) in Europe
What did scientific revolution influence?
Enlightenment
Enlightenment, also known as ____________
Social movement
What was the traditional way of thinking?
Aristotelian tradition
Who was the polish astronomer who contradicted the geocentric model and proposed the heliocentric theory?
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)
What model states that the earth is the center of the universe/everything?
Geocentric model
Another term for geocentric model
Ptolemaic model
When was the geocentric model introduced by Ptolemy?
6th century
What was the book that Copernicus wrote that led to the acceptance of the heliocentric theory?
De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
On The Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
When was the book of Copernicus released? Who released it?
1543; Copernicus’ students
The change of belief from geocentric to heliocentric happened through the contributions of:
- Tycho Brahe’s observation of the sun Cassiopeia
- Johannes Kepler’s statement that the planets move in elliptical orbits and the sun is the center
- Galileo Galilei’s development of the telescope and observation of planet Venus
- Isaac Newton’s law of gravity
What was the book of Newton that contains the explanation of the law of gravity?
Principia
Who discredited the law of gravity?
Albert Einstein
What law did Albert Einstein proposed?
Law of relativity
What is the law of relativity?
Pertains about the existence of things
Where was the term ‘scientific method’ coined from?
Copernician revolution
What is the process of establishing facts through testing and experimentation?
Scientific method
Who are the two people who are notable in the field of scientific method?
- Frenchman Rene Descartes - Reasoning is needed before we regard something as true/fact
- Englishman Francis Bacon - Experimentation and Observation is needed before we regard something as true/fact