Lecture 2: Logic 2 Flashcards

1
Q

x is a prime number

is an example of

A

A declarative sentence but NOt a proposition because its truth value varies along with x

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2
Q

“X is a prime number is an instance”

A

Of a predicate

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3
Q

Predicates express…

A

Properties of objects (unary predicates: require 1 input) or relations between objects (binary, ternary, etc.)

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4
Q

Predicates are usually denoted with

A

Uppercase letters, followed by their input labels in brackets

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5
Q

What are the two ways of turning a predicate into a proposition

A
  1. Evaluating the predicate, that is, replacing each variable with a constant value
  2. Quantifying the predicate, that is, asserting that a predicate is true for some, or for all, objects of the universe
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6
Q

Assigning a predicate values turns it into …

A

A proposition

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7
Q

Example of turning a predicate into a proposition

A
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8
Q

The alphabet of predicate logic is made of

A
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9
Q

Predicate logic is an extension of…

A

Propositional logic, it “contains” propositional logic

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10
Q

Propositions can be thought of as …

A

The preidates with arity 0

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11
Q

What is the precedence of predicates?

A

Quantifiers take precedence over all connectives

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12
Q

What is the translation of

“All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. THEREFORE Socrates is mortal”

into propositional logic?

A
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13
Q

What is the translation of

“All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. THEREFORE Socrates is mortal”

into predicate logic?

A
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14
Q

What is the translation of

“All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. THEREFORE Socrates is mortal”

into predicate logic? (Using more meaningful names)

A
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