Lecture 2 Os Coxae Flashcards
what is the acetabulum ?
the fossa in the ossa coxae where the head of the femur sits.
What is the pulvinar
fibrofatty cushioning in the acetabulum.
what three bones merge in the centre of the acetabulum
the ilium the ischium and the pubis
how many primary ossification centres are there and where are they located
there’s 3, one on each bone.
The syncohndrosis can cause pain in childhood, if it becomes inflammed when does this pain subside?
When the bones fuse
Name some of the different shapes the pelvic inlet can be
android- most common
gynecoid
anthropoid
What causes the condition Naegele pelvis
Missing sacral wing- asymmetrical pelvis
why must an infant rotate in child birth
because the dimensions of the pelvic inlet and outlet are opposites
what two ligaments divide the greater and lesser sciatic foramina ?
the sacrospinous ligament and the Sacro tuberous ligament
what boney landmark divides the greater and lesser sciatic foramen
the ischial spine
which of the ligaments connecting the femur and pelvis is commonly torn in car crashes when the passengers knees hit the dashboard
othe ischiofemural ligament. its the weakest of the 3 and is located posteriorly
what ligaments form the joint capsule of the hip
the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral and pubofemoral
what is the blood supply to the head of the femur
the retinacular arteries , from the lateral and medial circumflex arteries from the profunda femoris artery and a small contribution from the obturator artery but not enough to keep the head alive.
what are two types of femoral fracture
pertrochanteric and subcapital- subcapital leads to death of the head of the femur due to loss of blood supply.
what is the normal angle for the neck of the femur
125 degrees
160 in children
what is the medicolegal significance of the ossification center on the distal femur
it appears at the 9th month of fetal life so is a sign of fetal maturity
what is the physical function of the patella
to increase the distance traveled by the quadriceps tendon to reduce the force needed for movement— movement= F X D
what is the Q angle
the angle between the line connecting the knee and tibial tuberosity and the line connecting the knee and anterior superior iliac spine- its larger in women (14 Vs. 17 degrees)
what is the disadvantage of a greater Q angle
More likely to dislocate the patella
what two features other then the q angle predispose someone to dislocation of the patella
weak knee capsule or underdeveloped lateral condyle
what is Nelaton’s line and what is its function
a line connecting the ant. sup. iliac spine and the ischial tuberosity. In normal condition the greater trochanter should be below this line, if its not the femur may be broken
what is Bryant’s triangle
its formed by lines between the greater trochanter the ant. sup. iliac spine and the the vertical line from there. it can be used to compare left and right sides to check for femoral shortening.
