Lecture 2 Salaz Flashcards
What is Work
WORK:
Salaz said that mundane tasks through which individuals create value and sustain themselves. He claimed that throughout civilization people have been working; organizing the things we need to sustain ourselves and survive is work
Salaz talked about how we have always worked for other people (within households, tribes, clains, under political arrangement, within guilds)
Employment (Wage Labor)
Wage labor or employment is the exchange of effort for monetary compensation
this is a historically recent development.
there have been historical prerequisites of wage labor:
1. Money –> wage labor is not practical with anything else
2. doubly free: it has to be juridically free and also “free” from the means of its production
Now define the difference between work vs employment
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Proletarianization (smith vs marx)
Proletariat was the social class of people who needed a job to survive
SMITH:
according to smith: he said that we have propensity to trade and barter. he refers to this desire to trade and barter for self gain (greed) as “self-love”
he referred to an accelarated division of labor based on natural skills
he talked about the idea of replacing barter with wages.
He said that specialization is a benign and positive process for all parties involved.
said emergence of wage labor creates freedom
MARX SAYS:
there is no labor market in society
and one must be created by force
there should be a “primitive accumulation” of capital which is a non-market way of sustaining life; had to be created by force
MARX and SMITH both agree that it is disruptive (it being waged labor)
The unfree freedom of wage labor
how acc to smith does wage labor create freedom?
* Unshackling individuals from tradition-bound work
How does it immediately also constrain freedom?
* Relations of authority within the workplace
* Structures class inequality in society
Review Text Each time on slide
