Lecture 2: Thoracic Cavity

Question 1

what is the superiority thoracic cavity border?

Answer 1

thoracic inlet

Question 2

what is the inferior thoracic cavity border?

Answer 2

thoracic outlet

Question 3

what is the anterior thoracic cavity border?

Answer 3

sternum complex

Question 4

what is the posterior thoracic cavity border?

Answer 4

thoracic vertebrae and IVD’s

Question 5

what bones make up the sternum complex?

Answer 5

Manubrium, Sternum proper and Xiphoid process

Question 6

what is the main bony feature of the manubrium?

Answer 6

Jugular Notch

Question 7

what pairs of costal bones are identified as “True” Costal bones

Answer 7

1-7

Question 8

what pairs of costal bones are identified as “False” Costal bones?

Answer 8

8-10

Question 9

what pairs of costal bones are identified as “False Floating” costal bones?

Answer 9

11-12

Question 10

what are the 3 types of costal bone pairs?

Answer 10

True, False and False Floating

Question 11

what are the 7 components of a typical costal bone?

Answer 11

head, neck, tubercle, angle, costal groove, cartilage joining end and body

Question 12

what are the 6 components of a vertebrae?

Answer 12

body, spinous process, transverse processes, laminae, pedicles and facets

Question 13

what are the 3 divisions of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 13

right pleural cavity, mediastinum and left pleural cavity

Question 14

what is the pleura?

Answer 14

fluid membranes that surround the lungs

Question 15

what are the 2 layers of pleura?

Answer 15

parietal and visceral

Question 16

what are the 4 sections of the mediastinum?

Answer 16

superior, anterior-inferior, middle-inferior and posterior-inferior

Question 17

what plane divides the mediastinum into superior and inferior sections?

Answer 17

transverse thoracic plane

Question 18

what divides the inferior mediastinum into 3 sections?

Answer 18

pericardium around the heart

Question 19

what 7 components are in the superior mediastinum?

Answer 19

ascending aorta, aortic arch, superior vena cava, trachea, oesophagus, thymus gland and pulmonary trunk + arteries

Question 20

what component is in the inferior-anterior mediastinum?

Answer 20

thymus gland

Question 21

what 5 components make up the inferior-middle mediastinum?

Answer 21

Parietal layers (fibrous outer/serous inner), visceral layer, pericardial fluid, heart and adipose tissue

Question 22

what are the 4 components of the inferior-posterior mediastinum?

Answer 22

Descending thoracic aorta, pulmonary veins, primary bronchi and the oesophagus

Question 23

what are the 7 major lines/planes of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 23

trans-thoracic, mid-sternal, parasternal, mid-clavicular, anterior axillary, mid-axillary and posterior axillary

Question 24

what are the lobes of the left lung?

Answer 24

superior and inferior

Question 25

what are the lobes of the right lung?

Answer 25

superior, inferior and middle

Question 26

what divides the lobes of the lungs?

Answer 26

fissures (oblique on both and horizontal on right only)

Question 27

what feature is at the bottom of the left lung that is ‘hook’ shaped?

Answer 27

lingula

Question 28

what is the difference in cardiac impressions between the right and left lungs?

Answer 28

left is large CI, right is small CI

Question 29

what lung has an aortic impression?

Answer 29

left lung

Question 30

what are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Answer 30

left and right atrium, left and right ventricles

Question 31

what type of oxygen is in the right side of the heart?

Answer 31

oxygen poor

Question 32

what type of oxygen is in the left side of the heart?

Answer 32

oxygen rich blood

Question 33

what is the series of blood flow from the right atria to the aorta?

Answer 33

R atria > R ventricle > pulm. trunk > R+L pulm. arteries > lungs > R+L sup. + inf. pulm. veins > L atria > L ventricle > aorta

Question 34

what are the 8 inside features of the heart?

Answer 34

interventricular septum, tricuspid valve, pulmonary semilunar valve, bicuspid valve, chordae tendineae, papillary muscles, electrical conductive systems