Lecture 20: Neoplasia II Flashcards

(12 cards)

1
Q

Adaptive vs preneoplastic cell responses

A

Adaptive: hyperplasia, metaplasia (reversible changes)
Pre-neoplastic: dysplasia (loss of normal cell orientation)

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2
Q

Types of neoplasia

A
  1. Benign
  2. Malignant
  3. Borderline
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3
Q

Tumor grading

A
  • Grading is based on differentiation aka similarity to parent cell
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4
Q

Benign tumor features

A
  • Well differentiated
  • Well circumscribed
  • Localized
    Mesenchymal: -oma
    Epithelial: squamous = papilloma, gland = adenoma
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5
Q

Syndromic complexes

A
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia e.g. Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
  • Possible complication of benign tumors
  • Others due to location, functional status, complications
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6
Q

Mature teratoma

A

Benign tumor from germ cells w/ diff. tissue types

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7
Q

Mixed tumor

A

Benign neoplasm w/ epithelial + mesenchymal elements

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8
Q

Dysplastic tumor progression

A
  • Low vs high grade dysplasia
  • Carcinoma in situ (dividing, intact basement)
  • Invasive carcinoma (basement broken)
  • Metastatic carcinoma
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9
Q

Carcinoma pleomorphism

A

Cancers have variations in size/shape of nuclei
e.g. tripolar Mercedes-Benz nucleus

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10
Q

Cancer staging

A
  • Based on cancer metastasis/invasiveness; LN/organ involvement
  • Mets via lymphovascular invasion
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11
Q

Malignant neoplasia labels

A

Epithelial: adeno-, squamous cell, urothelial carcinoma
Mesenchymal: sarcoma

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12
Q

TNM criteria

A

Tumor, Nodes, Metastasis
0 = in situ
I/II = invading, local LN
III = more LNs
IV = mets to other organs

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