Lecture 21 and 22 Flashcards
Hormones (45 cards)
many hormones impact multiple tissue types and ….
have diverse effects
some hormones are both …. and ….
both catabolic and anabolic
what type of hormones tend to act faster
peptide and amine hormones
what type of hormones tend to act slower
steroid
in the big picture, prolonged or sustained competitive exercise will have what impact hormones
increase several catabolic hormones and suppress insulin
in the big picture, activating many motor units tends to cause what for hormones
cause more anabolic hormone profile, in exercise and recovery
are steroid hormones water soluble or insoluble
water insoluble
are peptide and amine hormones water soluble or insoluble
water soluble
when are peptide and amine hormones made
made in advance
how do steroid hormones work
steroid hormones enter cells and bind at the nucleus
how do peptide hormones work
attach at the cell surface
use second messengers
what are second messengers
intracellular compound that increases in concentration with binding of a hormone to its receptor and smplifies the cellular response
hormones change the rates of specific reactions in target cells by changing the rates of :
- transport across membrane e.g insulin
- secretory activity e.g GHRH
- enzyme activity e.g HSL
- protein synthesis e.g testosterone
how does hormone concentration in blood affect the rate of secretion
if there is more in the circulation, this will remove the stimulus to secrete it
hormone concentration in the blood can affect the rate of inactivation or
excretion
hormone concentration in the blood can effect the quantity of what
quantity of transport protein (for steroids)
what affects hormone receptor interactions
- blood hormone levels
- number of target cell receptors
- affinity of binding
at rest you have a larger …. volume and you are secreting more what into the circulation
at rest you have a larger plasma volume and are secreting more insulin into the circulation
in exercise there is a change in what factors that can change the cells sensitivity to hormone
- change in secretion
- change in plasma volume
- change metabolism / clearance
- change in receptor sensitivity
- change in receptor density
during rest how is the release of insulin controlled and why is this changed during exercise
by negative feedback, changed in exercise as exercise is a stressor
during exercise there is greater activation of what nervous systems
CNS and PNS
during exercise what nervous stimulation is increased on the medulla
SNS stimulation
what glands are associated with catabolic or stress situations (exercsise)
adrenal glands = stress hormones
what glands are associated with anabolic states (recovery)
gonads = sex hormones
