Lecture 23

Question 1

what does the large intestine consist of?

Answer 1

Cecum
Colon
Rectum

Question 2

What structures can the colon be divided into?

Answer 2

Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid `

Question 3

What aspects of the colon are retroperitoneal?

Answer 3

Ascending and descending clon

Question 4

What aspects of the colon are intraperitoneal?

Answer 4

transverse and sigmoid colon

Question 5

What is the role of the Ileocecal valve?

Answer 5

Regulates the passage of material into the cecum

Question 6

Role of the appendix?

Answer 6

Reserve of large intestine bacteria population

Question 7

What causes appendicitis?

Answer 7

Inflammation

Question 8

What does the Barium enema do?

Answer 8

enables x-ray image to be taken of large intestine to assess function

Question 9

Wha are Teniae Coli?

Answer 9

Modification of muscularis layer - Bands of longitudinal smooth muscle

Question 10

What are haustra?

Answer 10

Series of pouches in the wall of the colon

Question 11

What are omental appendices>

Answer 11

Sacs of fat

Question 12

Purpose of Teniae Coli?

Answer 12

Allow for stronger contraction

Question 13

Are there villi in the LI?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

How is the mucosa modified in the LI?

Answer 14

Invaginated to form intestinal glands.

Question 15

What is the main function of the large intestine?

Answer 15

Water and salt absorption

Question 16

What epithelia are found prior to anal columns?

Answer 16

Simple columnar

Question 17

What epithelia are found in the anal canal?

Answer 17

Stratified squamous

Question 18

Internal Anal sphincter?

Answer 18

Smooth muscle under involuntary control

Question 19

External anal sphincter?

Answer 19

Skeletal muscle under voluntary control

Question 20

What stimulates stretch receptors?

Answer 20

Movement of feaces into rectum

Question 21

What are the main features of the Large intestine?

Answer 21

• Mucosa invaginated into glands.
• Significant number f mucous secreting glands.
• lack of villi.
• Longitudinal muscle layer in 3 bands (teniae coli)

Question 22

Location of the liver?

Answer 22

Superior right quadrant of abdominopelvic cavity

Question 23

Function of the liver?

Answer 23

Produce bile – stored in the gall bladder

Diaphragm

Question 24

Blood supply to the liver?

Answer 24

25% of cardiac output.
one third from hepatic artery and
Remainder comes from hepatic portal vein.

Question 25

What structures travel in the lesser omentum?

Answer 25

Hepatic portal vein, artery and bile duct.

Question 26

What is the structure of the liver?

Answer 26

Functional units called lobules. Rows of Hepatocytes produce bile. liver sinusoids between rows, bile canaliculi between cells.

Question 27

What is a portal triad?

Answer 27

Branch of hepatic artery branch of hepatic portal vein A bile duct

Question 28

Where does blood flow in the liver?

Answer 28

Towards central vein

Question 29

where does bile travel in the liver?

Answer 29

Bile secreted into canaliculi, travels to bile duct

Question 30

Role of hepatocytes?

Answer 30

Cells in the liver that play pivotal roles in metabolism, detoxification, and protein synthesis

Question 31

Venous drainage from the liver?

Answer 31

Central veins drain into hepatic vein which drains into inferior vena cava

Question 32

Where does Bile travel to from the liver?

Answer 32

gal bladder where it is stored and concentrated

Question 33

Where does the bile duct join the pancreatic duct?

Answer 33

hepatopancreatic ampulla