Lecture 23 Flashcards
(7 cards)
What is a DNA microarray?
It is a method of using SINGLE STRANDED oligonucleotides in sequences that are complementary to sequences within every known gene. It identifies the subset of mutant candidate genes for a particular tumor by comparing them to active genes in a normal cell.
What is CGH microarray?
It is a type of microarray that detects deleted or duplicated genes.
What is CRH microarry?
It is a type of microarray used to compare the RNA production from a normal cell and a tumor cell (effectively measures the expression of genes.)
What are the indications for a CGH?
- Developmental delay or mental retardation
- Growth abnormality
- Dysmorphic features
- Multiple congenital abnormalities
- Cardiovascular malformations
On the CGH microarray, what do the Geen, Yellow, and Red colors represent?
If green is the color chosen for normal DNA taken from the patient, green indicates a deletion of a gene from a cancer cell because its DNA was labeled red, and no red showed up in that particular spot. When the normal DNA and cancer cell DNA hybridize to the same spot, it will appear yellow, which means the cancer cell has the same copies of DNA as the normal cell. When the spot is red, that means the cancer cell has a duplication, so more DNA than the normal cell for that particular gene.
What do the different colors mean on a CRH microarry?
If the normal RNA is labeled Green, and the Cancer cell RNA is labeled Red, green represents underproduction of RNA in the cancer cell, red represents over production of RNA in the cancer cell, and yellow represents equivalent production of RNA in the Cancer cell compared to the normal cell.
What is Ion Torrent Next Generation Sequencing?
It takes sample DNA, breaks it into fragments, attaches recognizable sequences to the ends for PCR, emulsifies the DNA fragments into oil beads such that the same sequence will coat the bead, and each bead is collected in individual wells with their corresponding sequences being sequenced one NT at a time. There are 10,000,000 beads per chip with one, distinct sequence per bead used in this process.
