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A&P Spring '14 Test 4 > Lecture 26 5/8/14 > Flashcards

Lecture 26 5/8/14 Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Mammary Glands

A

the female breast and it’s associated tissue

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2
Q

Suspensory Ligaments of Cooper

A

run between skin and deep fascia - support. Made of collagen fibers as it gains in size it stretches out; Helps to support the breast

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3
Q

Tubuloalveolar Ducts

A

glandular tissue - produce milk

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4
Q

Lactation

A

milk production

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5
Q

15-20 lobes contain what?

A

fat and glandular tissue

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6
Q

Steps of Prolactin Milk Production

A

Prolactin -> Alveoli -> secondary tubules -> mammary ducts -> ampulla -> lactiferous ducts -> nipple

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7
Q

Ampulla

A

Filled with Milk

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8
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Behind the breast tissue

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9
Q

Oxytocin

A

Bonding hormone

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10
Q

Let down Reflex

A

Suckling receptors in nipple and areola stimulate posterior pituitary to release oxytocin; Also happens when the woman thinks about their baby or hear a baby.

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11
Q

Fertilization happens where?

A

happens in the 1/3 of fallopian tube

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12
Q

Zygote has how many chromosomes?

A

46 Chromosomes

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13
Q

Development

A

a sequence of events, starting with fertilization of the egg and ending with parturition.

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14
Q

Gamete is what?

A

ova/sperm, haploid, 23C

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15
Q

Meiosis

A

specialized cell division producing sibling cells that received 1/2 or the haploid number of chromosomes

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16
Q

Fertilization

A

joining of the two gametes to form the zygote.

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17
Q

Monozygotic

A

identical twins (maternal)

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18
Q

Dizygotic

A

fraternal twins

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19
Q

Cleavage

A

a sequence of divisions that end at contact with the uterine wall.

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20
Q

Morula

A

solid mass of cell

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21
Q

Implantation happens when?

A

7 days after Ovulation, which is in total 21 days.

adhesion of the blastocyst to the uterine cell wall. Takes a week for it to travel down.

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22
Q

Ovulation happens when?

A

Day 14

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23
Q

Fertilization happens when?

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A

3 days after ovulation

24
Q

Syncytial Trophobast

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A

produces HCG; Tells the corpus luteum to continue to produce more progesterone.

25
Inner Cell Blast
development of the baby
26
Chorion
a sac surrounding or lying outside the amniotic sac. Transports nutrients and O2 between embryo and trophoblast.
27
Placental Formation
by end of “3rd Week” the chorion sends out villi that invaginate into the endometrium. Blood vessels of the chorion pass close to endometrial blood vessels for exchange of gases and nutrients. As embryo continues to grow only part of the chorion remains attached to the endometrium. This is the placenta.
28
Decidua Basalis
the portion of the endometrium below the placenta
29
Decidua Capsularis
The endometrium surround the free floating chorionic membrane
30
Chorion (Placenta Portion)
has a projection running to a central stalk for the umbilicus
31
Umbilical Arteries
unoxygenated; Blue in color
32
Umbilical Vein
sending blood; Red in color
33
Function Of Placenta
supply fetus with O2 and nutrients, carry away CO2 and waste.
34
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)
Produced by placenta -> maintains corpus luteum for 1st 3 months of pregnancy. Then the placenta produces estrogens and progesterone to maintain endometrium.
35
Corpus Luteum
produces hormones for the first trimester and after the placenta takes over for the job. Miscarriages after expulsion for the uterus.
36
Describe the formation of Blastodise
The formation of a 3 layers of the blastodise. Specific cells of the epiblast move toward the center of the blastodisc towards a line called the primitive streak. These cells migrate to a space between the epiblast and hypoblast to form the 3rd layer.
37
Name the 3 Germ Layers
Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm
38
Ectoderm
integumentary system, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system. Outer layer
39
Mesoderm
muscular, skeletal, lymphatic, cardiovascular, urinary, reproductive, Endocrine. Middle layer
40
Endoderm
parts of digestive, respiratory, urinary-bladder; Reproductive gametes. Inner Layer
41
Neurulation
the embryological process responsible for CNS development. Notocord development.
42
Organogenesis
organ formation
43
Embryo vs. Fetus
0-3 months - Embryo 3rd - 9th - Fetus
44
Extraembryionic Membranes
Yolk Sac Amnion Allantois
45
Yolk Sac
1st to appear, 1st site of blood cell formation
46
Amnion
made of mesoderm and ectoderm, produces and contains the amniotic fluid; it cushions and hydrates
47
Allantois
an outpocketing of endoderm from the yolk sac. Forms urinary bladder
48
What are the 3 membranes when the water breaks?
Amnion -> Chorion -> Capsularis
49
3 Stages of Labor?
Dilation Expulsion Placental
50
Dilation
onset of true labor, cervix dilates, fetus travels down cervical canal. 8 hours. Have to be 10 cm in diameter
51
Expulsion
birth of the baby. 45 min. Parturtion - expulsion of the fetus
52
Placental
uterine contractions eject placenta. - 20 min after delivery of baby
53
Name the hormones involved in labor
Oxytocin Prostaglandins Relaxin
54
Oxytocin
From posterior pituitary from hypothalamic stimulation from increased levels of estrogen and uterine stretch.
55
Prostaglandins
cause smooth muscle contraction
56
Relaxin
softens ligaments for pelvic expansion driving fetal development and delivery.

A&P Spring '14 Test 4 (5 decks)

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