Lecture 29: Disease

Question 1

Vector

Answer 1

Living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans (mosquitos)

Question 2

Latent period

Answer 2

Time between infection to onset of symptoms

Question 3

Vertical transmission

Answer 3

Mother to child

Question 4

Methods of disease control

Answer 4

Extermination of host species

Vaccinations

Early detection and treatment of diseases

Decreased transmission rate

Question 5

What are the effects of parasites at the community level?

Answer 5

Decreases fitness of host

Interrupts other community interactions involving host species

Question 6

Host

Answer 6

An organism that harbors another organism inside or near the body

Question 7

Virus

Answer 7

Life-like particles

Question 8

Pathogens

Answer 8

Disease causing parasites

Question 9

What are the effects of parasites at the population level?

Answer 9

Decreases survival, growth, and reproduction

Reduces population growth rate

Question 10

What are the effects of parasites at the ecosystem level?

Answer 10

Alter community structure and cause changes at ecosystem level

Ecosystem engineers: alter physical environment

Question 11

How do new viruses arise?

Answer 11

From mutations of original virus into different form