Lecture 29 - Dysplasia of Cervix, Vulva, and Vagina Flashcards
The vestibule of the vagina contains the openings (ducts) of ______ glands, the _____, and the _____.
Bartholin’s glands
Vagina
Urethra
What are the three types of epithelium that comprise Bartholin’s ducts?
Mucinous (glandular part)
Transitional (duct lining)
Squamous (opening to the outside)
Primary _______ is an STD that causes characteristic chancres on the vulva. Are these painful? Keep in mind the edges are heaped up, and it is from there that you want to take a biopsy, NOT the necrotic center.
Secondary is characterized by the formation of ______ ______.
Tertiary is characterized by the formation of ______.
Syphillis
No
Condyloma lata
Gummas (gummy tumors)
Haemophilus ducreyi is the causative organism for _____ lesions of the genitalia.
Are these painful? Keep in mind they do NOT have heaped up edges like chancres.
Chancroid
Granuloma inguinale is caused by ______ _______, a gram negative bacillus. These bacteria tend to be phagocytized by macrophages, forming ______ bodies (look like safety pins). This disease shows characteristic tender ______ or painless ______.
Klebsiella granulomatis
Donavan bodies
Papules
Ulcers
Lymphogranuloma venerium is caused by _____ _____ (the ____ serotype). Patients can experience small ulcers and adenitis with draining sinuses, but if left untreated, it may progress to fibrosis and ______ _____ carcinoma.
Chlamydia trachomatis
L
Sqaumous cell carcinoma
Microscopically, HSV infected cells show nuclear ______ or the nucleus has a ____ ____ appearance. Often, cells are multinucleate.
Inclusions (basially looks like a dot in the nucleus)
Ground glass
Episomal HPV infection refers to ______ (active or inactive?) infections. These are the infections that produce warts. Keep in mind this means the virus is NOT integrated into the host cell _____. It is the integrated infections that have ______ potential.
Most people are able to completely clear the disease within 2 years.
Active
DNA
Malignant
_____ _____ is a non-epithelial disorder of the vulva characterzed by INTENSE itching and a thin, white, parchment-like vulvar skin with loss of the anatomy (e.g. fusion of the clitoris). It shows a bimodal age distribution (most common in old or young females), and is more common in ______ (race). These patients are treated with _____ and are followed up with for life.
Lichen Sclerosis
Caucasians
Steroids
_______ _______ is analagous to Lichen Sclerosis, but it results from a chronic itch/scratch cycle. Microscopically, it is basically the opposite of Lichen Sclerosis –> ___ pegs are enlarged and fuse (Acanthosis) rather than diminished and smoothed over .
Squamous Hyperplasia
Rete pegs
High Grade Intraepithelial Lesions - HGSIL - (not specific to one part of the genetalia) do not have a specific appearance, but they have not yet invaded the _______ membrane. Biopsy is key. The vast majority of HGSILs are caused by _____ (high or low) risk _____.
Which has high risk of malignancy, VIN caused by HPV or not caused by HPV (“Differentiated”)?
Basement
High risk (16, 18, 31,and 33)
HPV
NOT caused by HPV has higher malignant potential.
_____ disease of the vulva is microscopically identical to that of the breast, but in that of the breast 100% have underlying malignancy; it’s only about 25-30% in that of the vulva. It is most common in _____ (young or old?) _____ (race) females and is thought to be derived from an abberant stem cell.
Paget’s disease of the vulva
Old
White
______ ______ is a rare pediatric tumor that forms grape-like tumors in the vagina. It is an Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma (skeletal muscle tissue).
Sarcoma Bortyoides
All cervical and pre-cervical cancers arise in the _____ zone (a zone of metaplasia whereby columnar epithelium of the endocervix is replaced with squamous epithelium of the exocervix - this metaplasia continues slowly upward through the cervix with age).
Transition zone
Are Pap smears good for screening, diagnosis, or both?
Just good for screening
