Lecture 3 Flashcards
(19 cards)
*add more about microscopes
Lecture 3
What are 2 types of prokaryotes?
- Bacteria
- Archaea
What are 4 types of eukaryotes?
- Animals
- Plants
- Fungi
- Protists
Where is DNA found in prokaryotes?
Nucleoid
Prokaryotes have a singular, circular ___________ and often ________ circular plasmids
Chromosome, several
Where is the DNA housed in Eukaryotes?
Nucleus
Eukaryotes have one or more ________ __________.
Linear chromies
The cytoplasm consists of ______ and __________.
Cytosol and organelles
Cytosol is the __________ liquid, is mostly ______, full of ___________ and smaller ___________ (ex ion, metabolites).
Aqueous, water, macromolecules, molecules
The cytoplasm is a ________, _________ biochemical pool.
Crowded, complex
Ribosomes are a highly organized machine consisting of ______ and _____. It’s actually more like an ______ than an organelle.
Proteins, rRNA, enzyme
Ribosomes read the sequence of mRNA to coordinate their __________ into proteins.
Translation
Prokaryotic ribosomes are ________ than eukaryotic ribosomes.
Smaller
The cytoskeleton is made of filamentous ________ that participate in many processes such as …..(3)?
Polymers
-cell division
-cell shape
-intracellular transport
Prokaryotes have ______, _______ versions of eukaryotic cytoskeleton.
Simpler, ancient
What are 5 characteristics of prokaryotes?
- Unicellular ( few rare exception)
- Small
- No membrane bound organelles
- Nucleoid
- Single circular chromies and plasmids
What are 5 characteristics of eukaryotes?
- Uni or multicellular
- Small to very large
- Membrane bound organelles
- Nucleus
- Linear DNA in chromies
What are 5 elements common to all living cells?
- Genetic info paradigm: DNA-> RNA-> protein
- Plasma membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Ribosomes
- Cytoskeleton
Why is GFP (green fluorescent protein) good?
Visualization of sub cellular structures such as organelles and proteins
