Lecture 3 Flashcards
What does the innate response do?
sounds the alarm and opens vasculature (vasodilation) to allow cells to enter the infected site
What does the adaptive response do?
when there’s a build up of prior exposure it results in a quicker and stronger immune response (basis for immunity)
What do cytokines do?
released by cells to stimulate and regulate other cells to regulate the immune response
What do interferons (INFs) do?
promote antiviral and antitumor responses and stimulate immune responses
What do chemokines do?
associated with inflammatory responses (chemotactic factors)
What does the secretion of chemotactic factors do?
forms a gradient that immune cells follow to get to the site and work
Where do all blood cells arise from?
pluripotent stem cells
What are pluripotent stem cells composed of?
bone marrow and fetal blood
What is the primary lymphoid tissue comprised of?
Bone marrow and the thymus
Bone marrow is the location of what?
B-cell differentiation
How long does it take for B-cells to mature?
1-2 weeks
The thymus is the location of what?
T-cell differentiation
What is the secondary lymphoid tissue composed of?
- lymph nodes
- spleen
- mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
How much of the circulating leukocytes do neutrophils make up?
50% to 70%
What line of defense are leukocytes?
first line of defense
What is pus?
mostly dead neutrophils
Do neutrophils contribute to inflammatory response?
Yes
How much of the circulating leukocytes do monocytes make up?
3%-8%
What wave are monocytes/macrophages?
second wave
Monocytes follow neutrophils to sites of infection where they mature into what?
macrophages
Are macrophages phagocytic?
yes
Are macrophages antigen presenting cells?
yes
Dendritic cells are professional APCs that can also secrete what?
cytokines (determine the type of response required)
Where are dendritic cells found?
in blood and tissue
