Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy Exam 3 > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Name structure A

A

Soleal line (Found on posterior Tibia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does the Closed chain screw-home mechanism work

A

Lock/Straighten- Knee Locks by medially ROTATING FEMUR on flexed tibia to allow extension of the knee

Unlock/Bend- POPLITEUS CONTRACTS, laterallly ROTATING FEMUR on fixed tibia, so flexion can occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does the open chain screw home mechanism work?

A

Lock/Straighten - Tibia rotates laterally on fixed femur to allow extension of knee

Unlock/Bend- POPLITEUS CONTRACTS - medially rotates tibia on fixed femur so flexion can occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does the Popliteus unlock the knee the screw home mechanism?

A

Closed chain- Laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia

Open chain- Medially rotates tibia on fixed femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the innervation of the Gastrocnemius + Soleus + Plantaris?

A

Tibial Nerve S1 S2 for all 3 superficial layer lower leg muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Origin of the Gastrocnemius?

A

Medial head originates : Poplieal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle

Lateral head originates- Lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the actions of the Gastrocnemius?

A

Plantarflexes ankle joint when knee extended

Raises heel during walking

Flexes Knee joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the insertion of the Gastrocnemius?

A

Calcaneus via the Calcaneal Tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the Origin of the Soleus?

A

Posterior Fibula

Soleal line + Medial Tibia

Tendinous arch extending between boney attachments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What’s the insertion of the soleus AND Plantaris?

A

The Calcaneus via the Calcaneal tendon (Same insertion as gastrocnemius)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the action of the soleus?

A

Plantarflexes anklejoint independent of knee position

Stabilizes ankle joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Origin of the Plantaris?

A

Lateral Supracondylar line of femur

Oblique Popliteal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the muscle actions of the Plantaris?

A

Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantarflexing ankle joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the muscle action of the Popliteus?

A

unlocks knee joint by rotating femur 5 degrees on fixed tibia

Medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the origin of the Popliteus?

A

Lateral Condyle of Femur and Lateral Meniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the insertion of the popliteus?

A

Posterior Tibia above Soleal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What’s the innervation of the Popliteus?

A

Tibial Nerve L4 L5 S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What’s the innervation of the Flexor Hallicus Longus?

A

Tibial Nerve S2 S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the origin of the Flexor Hallicus Longus?

A

Lower Posterior Surface of fibula and Interosseus membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the insertion of the Flexor Hallucis Longus?

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe (Hallux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the muscle action of the Flexor Hallicus Longus?

A

Flexes great toe at all joints

Weakly Plantarflexes Anklejoint

Supports Medial Longitudinal arch of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the origin of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

A

Posterior Tibia inferior to Soleal line

Attaches to the Fibula by a broad tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

A

Base of the distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the innervation of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

A

Tibial Nerve S2 S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Where does the Sciatic nerve split?
Behind the hamstring
26
What is the muscle action of the Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexes lateral four digits Planterflexes ankle joint Supports (BOTH) Longitudnal arches of foot
27
What is the origin of the Tibialis Posterior
Interosseus Membrase Posterior Tibia inferior to Soleal line Posterior surface of fibula ***ONLY MUSCLE THAT ATTACHES TO ALL 3 STRUCTURES POSTERIORLY
28
What is the insertion of the Tibialis Posterior (A lot)
Tuberosity of Navicular Cuneiform Cuboid And Sustenaculum of Tali and Calceneus Base of 2 3 and 4 metatarsals
29
What is the innervation of the Tibialis Posterior
Tibial Nerve L4 L5
30
What is the muscle action of the Tibialis Posterior
Plantarflexes ankle joint Inverts foot Maintains Medial Longitudinal Arch
31
What is the Origin of the Fibularis Brevis?
Inferior Lateral Fibula
32
What is the innervation of the Fibularis Brevis and Longus
Superficial Fibular Nerve (L5 S1) S2 They're the only muscles that get the superficial fibular nerve!
33
What is the insertion of the Fibularis Brevis?
Lateral Side of the base of the 5th Metatarsal
34
What is the Origin of the Fibularis Longus?
Head of fibula and the Superior Lateral Fibula
35
What is the insertion of the Fibularis longus
Base of the 1st metatarsal and the medial cuniform (Same as the tibialis anterior)
36
What is the muscle action of the FIbularis Brevis AND Longus
EVERTS subtalar joint and weakly plantarflexes ankle joint
37
What is the origin of the Tibialis Anterior
Lateral Condyle and Superior half of tibia and interosseus membrane
38
What is the insertion of the Tibialis Anterior
Medial Cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal (Same as fibularis longus)
39
What is the muscle action of the Tibialis Anterior
Dorsiflexes ankle joint and inverts subtalar joint (opposite of Fibularis Longus and Brevis)
40
Who has the longest tendon in the body?
Plantaris
41
What is the origin of The Extensor Hallicus Longus
Middle anterior fibula and interosseus membrane
42
What is the insertion of Extensor Hallicus Longus
Base of the distal phalanx of the great toe (Hallux) (same as flexor hallicus longus)
43
What is the muscle action of Extensor Hallicus Longus?
Extends great toe Dorsiflexes ankle joint
44
What is the innervation of Extensor Hallicus Longus?
Deep Fibular Nerve (L5 S1)
45
What is the origin of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?
Lateral Condyle of Tibia and superior Surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane
46
What is the insertion of the extensor digitorum longus
Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits Remember it inserts on the middle phalanx too dangit!
47
What is the muscle action of the extensor Digitorum Longus
Extends lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes ankle joint
48
What is the innervation of the Extensor Digitorum Longus
Deep Fibular Nerve L5 S1
49
Does the Fibularis Longus attach to the Base of the 5th metatarsal like the brevis?
No, according to Dr.G he does a cool turn and heads somewhere else
50
What is the Origin of the Fibularis Tertius
Inferior Anterior Surface of Fibula and Interosseus Membrane
51
What is the insertion of the Fibularis Tertius?
Dorsum of the base of the 5th metatarsal
52
What is the innervation of the Fibularis Tertius
Deep Fibular Nerve L5 S1 Deep Fibular Nerve is usually L5 S1, Unless it's the Tib anterior, which is L4 L5. 3 Muscles are Deep FIb Nerve L5 S1: Fibularis Tertius, Extensor Hallucis Longus, and Extensor Digitorum Longus
53
What is the muscle action of the Fibularis Tertius
Dorsiflexes ankle joint and aids in eversion of the Subtalar joint
54
What muscle of the anterior leg also attaches to all 3 structures? Tibia+fibula+interosseus membrane
Extensor digitorum longus
55
Names these 3 bones
Medial, Intermediate, and Lateral Cuneiforms
56
Name this bone
Cuboid
57
Name this bone
Navicular
58
What muscle has a tendon that runs through the groove on the Talus?
Flexor Hallicus Longus
59
What two muscles attach to the same two bones on the foot, but come from different directions?
Fibularis Longus Tibialis anterior
60
What muscles connect to the Talus?
NO MUSCLES
61
What motion happens at the Talocrural joint?
PF and DF
62
What is this ligamentous structure called? What does it resist?
Medial "Deltoid" Ligament Resists Eversion
63
What is this ligament and what does it do?
Anterior Talofibular ligament Limits Inversion
64
What is this ligament and what does it do?
Calcaneofibular ligament Resists inversion
65
What are the Ottowa rules for when an Xray is Neccesary for an ankle injury
1.Tenderness at posterior/tip of lateral malleolus 2.Tenderness at posterior/tip of medial malleolus 3. Inability to bear weight immediately after and at emergency department
66
What are the Ottowa rules for when an Xray is Neccesary for a foot injury
1. Tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal 2. Tenderness at navicular 3.. Inability to bear weight immediately after and at emergency department
67
What motion happens at the subtalar joint?
Hindfoot inversion and eversion
68
What bones are in the first ray of the foot
first metatarsal and medial cuneiform navicular and calcaneous
69
What metatarsals articulate with the Cuboid?
4th and 5th metatarsal
70
What is this ligament called?
Long Plantar Ligament
71
What is this ligament?
Plantar calcaneonavicular (Spring ligament)
72
What is this ligament?
Plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (Short plantar ligament)
73
What goes through the Tarsal Tunnel?
Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus Posterior Tibial Artery Posterior Tibial Vein Tibial Nerve Flexor Hallicus Longus "Tom, Dick, and Very Nervous Harry"
74
What happens if you have a Bunion? (Hallus Valgus)
Big toe Adduction Reduces Medial Longitudnal Arch *Primarily happens in females
75
What are these 2 structures?
Superior Extensor Retinaculum Inferior Extensor Retinaculum
76
What structure creates the roof of the tarsal tunnel?
Flexor Retinaculum (on medial side of foot)
77
What are these 2 structures, and what 2 tendons go through them?
Superior Fibular Retinaculum Inferior Fibular Retinaculum Tendons of fibularis longus and brevis
78
What provides the Dynamic Support of the arches? What provides the passive support of the arches?
Dynamic: Tibialis Posterior, TIbialis Anterior, Flexor Hallicus Longus, Fibularis Longus, Intrinsic Plantar Muscles Passive: Plantar Aponeurosis
79
What bone is common to both the medial and lateral longitudinal arches?
Calcaneous
80
What bones form the transverse arch of the foot?
Lateral, Intermediate, and Medial cuneiform bones and the cuboid Note: Integrity of the arch is maintained by passive and active structures
81
What muscles form the "stir up" of the transverse arch?
Fibularis Longus Tibialis Posterior
82
What are the attachments of the plantar aponeurosis
83
What do the forces through the extensor hood create?
MTP flexion and PIP extension that prevent the opposite motions (sock puppet)

Anatomy Exam 3 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions