Lecture 3

Question 1

3 paradigms of Research Methologies

Answer 1

Positivist - Post Positivist
Interpretive
Transformative

Question 2

Nature of reality

Answer 2

Ontology

Question 3

Nature of knowledge

Answer 3

Epistemology

Question 4

Nature of Values

Answer 4

Axiology

Question 5

Positivism Paradigm

Answer 5

Is a position or approach that holds that the scientific method is the only way to establish truth and objective reality

Question 6

What did aristotle beleive in

Answer 6

That the world operates on fixed natural laws that can be discovered through observation and reason
Positivist
Also a realist, believes in realism

Question 7

What did francis bacon and john locke beleive in

Answer 7

Positivists: Emiricism

Question 8

Empiricists

Answer 8

Beleive that the senses and emperical data are the most important sources of knowledge

Question 9

What kind of methods do empiricists use

Answer 9

Deductive methods
Generate generalization from specific sensory data

Question 10

Postpositivists

Answer 10

Still beleive that there is a reality independent of our thinking that ca be studied through scietific method. But recognize that all observation is falliable and has error and that all theory is revisable. Reality cannot be known with certainty

Question 11

Phenomenology

Answer 11

Phenomenologists use human thinking, precieving and other mental or physiological acts and spirituality to describe and understand human experience
Truth lies within the human expereince and is bound by time space and context

Question 12

Hermeneutics

Answer 12

Involves reading and an interpretation of some kind of human text

Question 13

Ontology in Interpretivism

Answer 13

There are many tangible realities as there are people constructing them
Reality is mind dependent and a personal or a social construct
Cannot be generalized

Question 14

Epistemology in interpretivism

Answer 14

Believe that knowledge is subjective because it is socially constructed and mind dependent. Truth lies within the human experience. Statements on what is true and false are therefore culture bound and historically or context dependent

Question 15

Axiology in interpretivism

Answer 15

Based on values

Question 16

What is the purpose of interpretive research

Answer 16

To understand peoples experiences
has multiple realities
Based on axiology

Question 17

Transformative Paradigm

Answer 17

Capitalism rules… basically

Question 18

Ontology in transformative paradigm

Answer 18

Adopts the stance of social reality and constanly chnages due to power based factors. There is a sense or privilege

Question 19

2 ingredients to know yourself in the world

Answer 19

Memory
Know thy self

Question 20

Positivism

Answer 20

There is a real world outside of us
Run by natural laws
laws exist independent of human minds

Question 21

Empiricists

Answer 21

We access the world starting inductively from our senses. then we generalize our knowledge and find regularities by deducing hupotheses and testing if they are true or false

Question 22

Postpositivism

Answer 22

Agree that there is a real world out there but there is uncertainty