Quantitative Research

Question 1

Quantitative Variable

Answer 1

Such as height that is typically measured by assigning a number to each other

Question 2

Categorical variable

Answer 2

Quality such as chosen major and is typically measured by assigning a category label to each individual

Question 3

Operational Definition

Answer 3

The definition of the variable in terms of precisely how it is to be measured

Question 4

example of operational definition

Answer 4

Depression can be operationally defined as peoples scores on a paper - and pencil depression scale

Question 5

Populations

Answer 5

Very large group of people
Ex: All americal teenagers

Question 6

Sample

Answer 6

Small subset of the population

Question 7

Simple Random Sampling

Answer 7

Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample

Question 8

Convenience Sampling

Answer 8

Sample consists of individuals who happen to be nearby and willing to participate

Question 9

Experimental Resarch

Answer 9

Researchers who want to test hypothesis about causal relationships between variables
Determine causal relationships

Question 10

Independent Variable

Answer 10

Variables that can be manipulated

Question 11

Dependent Variable

Answer 11

Variable that’s being measured

Question 12

Extraneous Variables

Answer 12

Any variable other than the dependent variable

Question 13

Non experimental research

Answer 13

Naturalistic Observations

Question 14

Lab studies

Answer 14

conducted in lab lol

Question 15

Field studies

Answer 15

stay that is conducted in the real world, in a natural environment

Question 16

Internal Validity

Answer 16

Refers to the degree to which we can confidently infer a causal relationship between validity

Question 17

More extraneous variables decrease _________

Answer 17

Internal validity

Question 18

External validity

Answer 18

Refers to the degree to which we can generalize things to other circumstances in the real world environment

Question 19

High external validity means ________

Answer 19

Low internal validity

Question 20

Field experiments

Answer 20

Where an independent variable is manipulated in natural setting and extraneous variables are controlled

Question 21

Descriptive statistics

Answer 21

Used to organize or summarize a set of data

Question 22

Mode

Answer 22

Most frequently occurring

Question 23

Median

Answer 23

Midpoint

Question 24

mean

Answer 24

Average of the distribution

Question 25

Range

Answer 25

Highest - lowest

Question 26

Standard deviation

Answer 26

sophisticated measure of dispersion that measure average distance of scored from the mean

Question 27

Variance

Answer 27

Standard deviation squared
Also measures the distance of scored from the mean bit in a different unit of square

Question 28

Correlational coefficient

Answer 28

-1 to 1

Question 29

-1.00

Answer 29

Strongest negative correlation

Question 30

0

Answer 30

no relationship

Question 31

1.00

Answer 31

Strongest positive correlation

Question 32

A good example of positive correlation

Answer 32

height increases and weight also tends to increase

Question 33

Inferential statistics

Answer 33

Allows researchers to draw conclusions about a population based on data of a sample

Question 34

Statistically significant

Answer 34

A effect that is one that is unlikely due to random chance therefore likely represents a real effect in the population

Question 35

Type 1 error

Answer 35

False positive

Question 36

Type 2 error

Answer 36

missed opportunity. Results are not statistically significant