Lecture 3 Flashcards
What are the time frames?
Middle ages: 500 - 1500
Renaissance and humanism: 1500 - 1650
Enlightenment: 1650 - 1820
What are the 3 features of Humanism?
- Question institutions such as church
- keep people ignorant
- criticised Roman Catholic
What made Italy the wealthiest region starting in the 13th century?
Manufacturing and the Mediterranean trade
What did the Byzantine scholars bring?
-Christian tradition, strongly influenced by classical greek civilisation
- manuscripts of ancient greek thinkers and writers (aristotle, plato, homer’s iliad, Oddyssey)
- Old greek versions of the Holy scripture
Who was the Humanist par excellence?
Desiderius Erasmus (1465-1536)
(Dutch born Scholar)
What is renaissance?
A much wider idea of humanism, with variety of fields: visual arts, literature, music
Man becomes a unique being, powerful of his rational and creative capacities
Man must honer God by making the most out of his capacities
What is Realism?
Goal of artists and writers, represent everything as the critical eye sees
What did Gutenberg invents in 1439?
The printing press, which allows for easy and numerous copies of books, is.e. The Bible
What is protestantism?
Question the unique authority of Rome
What did Martin Luther do in 1517?
Protest against the practices of Catholic Chirch
What means the flood gates opened?
The new ideas of critical thinking, individualism, realism and secularism spread.
The church watched as men chose to live their lives in the world rather than within the confines monasteries
What is Rationalism?
The light of reason.
Dout all claims to authority and power not based on logical and reasoned principles
What is empiricism?
Collection of data, analysis and meaningful conclusions
What is Secularism?
That the state is separate from religion.
Religious choice are private
What is Humanism?
Is an intellectual movement
