Lecture 3 - CEA Flashcards
what is the input/output unit of CEA
input - monetary unit
output - natural/health unit
If the condition is:
hypertension
hypercholesterolemia
asthma
diagnosis of DVT
what will be the measure (output) of CEA?
hypertension - mmHg BP reduction
hypercholesterolemia - % serum cholesterol reduction
asthma - episode-free days
diagnosis of DVT - cases of DVT detected
Name 3 advantages of using CEA
-clinicians are familiar and comfortable with clinical outcome measures
-dont have to place a dollar value on clinical outcomes
-treatments can be compared even when it’s impossible or inappropriate to use monetary outcomes
What are 2 DISADVANTAGES of CEA
-programs with different types of clinical outcomes cannot be compared (how do you even compare HbA1C vs BP)
-Difficult to collapse different outcomes into 1 unit of measurement
(how do we collapse side effects of medication and benefits of medication into 1 unit of measurement)
CEA advantages are disadvantages for….
CBA
name the 5 steps in conducting CEA
- Define the problem
- Identify the alternative interventions
- Describe the production relationships between input and outputs
- identify and measure costs and outcomes of the intervention
- interpret and present results
perspective will determine…
cost and outcomes
what is the cost-effectiveness ratio and what is our hope?
cost/effectiveness
we hope that the numerator will be a lower number than the denominator
what does ICER stand for?
incremental cost-effectiveness ratio
What is the true definition of ICER?
a ratio of the difference in costs between the 2 alternatives to the difference in effectiveness between the 2 alternatives
give the formula for ICER
cost new tech-cost comparator/
effect new tech-effect comparator
change in cost/change in effect
ALWAYS NEW-OLD
if ICER needs to be conducted, when would it be conducted?
in the last step (interpret and present results)
if a new therapy is more effective and less expensive do we need to conduct ICER?
no
if a new therapy is more effective and more expensive do we need to conduct ICER?
yes
