Lecture 3 Exam Review Week 7

Question 1

Values

Answer 1

Beliefs about the worth of something, about what matters, that act as a standard to guide one’s behavior

Value system is an organization of values in which each is ranked along a continuum of importance, often leading to a personal code of conduct.

Influence beliefs about human needs, health, illness, the practice of health behaviors, and human responses to illness.

Question 2

Professional Values

Answer 2

Altruism

Autonomy

Human Dignity

Integrity

Social Justice

Question 3

Altruism

Answer 3

Concern for welfare and well being of others

Question 4

Autonomy

Answer 4

Right to self- determination

Question 5

Human Dignity

Answer 5

Respect for inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations

Question 6

Integrity

Answer 6

Acting according to code of ethics and standards of practice

Question 7

Social Justice

Answer 7

Upholding moral, legal, and humanistic rights

Question 8

Ethics

Answer 8

A systematic study of principles of right and wrong conduct, virtue and vice, and good and evil as they relate to conduct and human flourishing.

Question 9

Bioethics

Answer 9

Ask questions such as what kind of person should I be; what are my duties and obligations to other people; what do I owe the common good or the public?

Question 10

Nursing Ethics

Answer 10

Subset of bioethics,, formal study of ethical issues that arise in the practice of nursing.

Question 11

Morals

Answer 11

Personal or communal standards of right and wrong

Question 12

Ethical Conduct

Answer 12

Practice based on professional standards of ethical conduct as well as professional values

Question 13

Nurses should:

Answer 13

Cultivate the virtues of nursing

Understand ethical theories that dictate and justify professional conduct

Be familiar with codes of ethics for nurses and standards for professional nursing conduct

Question 14

Moral Agency

Answer 14

The capacity to be ethical and do the ethically right thing for the right reasons

Question 15

Nurse Virtues

Answer 15

Competence

Compassionate Caring

Subordination of self- interest to patient interest

Self- effacement

Trustworthiness

Consciousness

Intelligence

Practical Wisdom

Humility

Courage

Integrity

Question 16

Purposes of the Code of Ethics

Answer 16

Succinct statement of the ethical obligations and duties of every nurse

Profession’s nonnegotiable ethical standard

Expression of nursing’s own understanding of its commitment to society

Question 17

Autonomy

Question 18

Beneficience

Question 19

Fidelity

Question 20

Accountability

Question 21

Justice

Question 22

Nonmaleficence

Question 23

Veracity

Question 24

Bills of Rights for Registered Nurses

Answer 24

The right to:

Practice in a manner that fulfills obligations to society and to those who receive nursing care

Practice in environments that allow them to act in accordance with professional standards and legally authorized scopes of practice

Work in an environment that supports and facilitates ethical practice, in accordance with the Code of Ethics for Nurses

Freely and openly advocate for themselves and their patients, without fear of retribution

Receive fair compensation for their work, consistent with their knowledge, experience, and professional responsibilities

Practice in a work environment that is safe for themselves and their patients

Negotiate the conditions of their employment, either as individuals or collectively, in all practice settings

Question 25

Moral Distress

Answer 25

Moral Distress occurs when you know the right thing to do, but either personal or institutional factors make it difficult to follow the correct course of action

Question 26

Moral Resilience

Answer 26

Developed capacity to respond well to morally distressing experiences and to emerge strong

Question 27

Ways to Build Resilience

Answer 27

Cultivating good relationships Accepting that change is a part of living Refusing to view crises as insurmountable Nurturing a positive view of self and taking care of self Keeping things inn perspective

Question 28

Using the Nursing Process to Make Ethical Decisions

Answer 28

Assess the situation Diagnose the ethical problem Plan Implement your decision Evaluate decision

Question 29

Ethically Relevant Considerations

Answer 29

Balance between benefits and harms in the care of patients Disclosure, informed consent, and shared decision making Norms of family life Relationship between clinicians and patients Professional integrity of clinicians Cost effectiveness and allocation Issues of cultural and or religious variation Considerations of power

Question 30

Examples of Ethical Problems

Answer 30

Paternalism Deception Privacy and Social Media Confidentiality Allocation of scarce nursing resources Valid Consent or refusal Conflicts concerning new technologies Unprofessional, incompetent, unethical, or illegal physician practice Unprofessional, incompetent, unethical, or illegal nurse practice Short staffing issues Beginning of life issues End of Life Issues

Question 31

Conflicts of Commitment

Answer 31

Nurses primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, or community

Question 32

Nurses cannot give to their patients what they don't have; they must take care of their own basic needs in order to be there for their patients

Answer 32

True

Question 33

The nurses owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to preserve integrity, to maintain competence, and to continue personal and professional growth

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Advocacy in Nursing Practice

Answer 34

Primary commitment to the patient Prioritization of good of individual patient rather than society in general Evaluation of competing claims of patient's autonomy and patient well- being

Question 35

Areas of Concern for Patient Advocates b

Answer 35

Representing Patients Promoting self- determination Whistle- Blowing Being politically active

Question 36

Professional and Legal Regulation of Nursing Practice

Answer 36

Nurse Practice Acts Standards Credentialing Accreditation Licensure Certification

Question 37

Reasons for Suspending or Revoking a License

Answer 37

Drug or Alcohol abuse Fraud Deceptive Practice Criminal Acts Previous disciplinary actions by other state boards Gross or ordinary negligence Physical or mental impairments, including those resulting from aging

Question 38

HIPAA- Ensured Patient Rights

Answer 38

To see and copy their health record To update their health record To request correction of any mistakes To get a list of disclosures a health care institution has made independent of disclosures for the purposes of treatment, payment, and health care operations To request a restriction on certain uses or disclosures To choose how to receive health information

Question 39

Common Categories of Malpractice Claims

Answer 39

Failure to follow standards of care Failure to use equipment in responsible manner Failure to assess and monitor Failure to communicate Failure to document Failure to act as a patient advocate Failure to follow the chain of command

Question 40

Roles of Nurses in Legal Proceedings

Answer 40

Nurse as defendant Nurse as fact witness Nurse as expert witness

Question 41

Legal Safeguards for Nurses

Answer 41

Competent practice Informed consent or refusal Contracts Collective bargaining Patient Education Executing provider orders Delegating Nursing Care Documentation Adequate Staffing Whistle- Blowing Professional Liability Insurance Risk Management Programs Just Culture Incident, variance, or occurrence reports Sentinel Events and Never Events

Question 42

Safeguards to Competent Practice

Answer 42

Developing interpersonal communication skills Respecting legal boundaries of practice Following institutional procedures and policies Owning personal strengths and weaknesses Evaluating proposed assignments Keeping current in nursing knowledge and skills Respecting patient rights and developing rapport with patients Keeping careful documentation Working within agency for management policies

Question 43

Elements of Informed Consent

Answer 43

Disclosure Comprehension Competence Voluntariness

Question 44

Types of Risk Management Programs

Answer 44

Safety Program Products safety program Quality Assurance Programs

Question 45

Information Contained in Incident Reports

Answer 45

Complete name of person and names of witnesses Factual account of incident Date, Time, and place of incident Pertinent characteristics of person involved Any equipment or resources being used Any other important variables Documentation by physician of medical examination of person involved

Question 46

Laws Affecting Nursing Practice

Answer 46

Occupational Safety and Health National Practitioner Data Bank Reporting Obligations Controlled Substances Discrimination and Sexual Harassment HIPAA Restraints People with Disabilities Legal Issues related to death and dying (wills, advance directives) OSHA Legal Regulations: Use of Electrical Equipment, Use of Isolation techniques, Use of Radiation, Use of Chemicals