Lecture 3 Microscopy

Question 1

what is light vs electron microscopy

Answer 1

Light- shining photons

Electron- electrons on specimen

Question 2

cells are relatively easy to see because they are _____

Answer 2

thin

Question 3

what is a microtome

Answer 3

a machine that makes thin slices

Question 4

Light Microscopy: light source

Answer 4

halogen

Question 5

Light Microscopy: condenser

Answer 5

focuses light on the specimen

Question 6

Light Microscopy: specimen

Answer 6

light goes through the specimen

Question 7

Light Microscopy: objective

Answer 7

focuses and magnifies light from the specimen

Question 8

Light Microscopy: ocular

Answer 8

lens that you look through

Question 9

How do you make a bright field better

Answer 9

stain, phase contrast, DIC (differential interference microscopy)

Question 10

what is phase contrast

Answer 10

uses diffraction rings in the condenser and objective

Question 11

what is DIC

Answer 11

it polarizes light before and after the specimen

Question 12

what is fluorophore

Answer 12

absorbs one wavelength of light and emits another

Question 13

Fluorescence Microscopy: Light source

Answer 13

mercury lamp

Question 14

Fluorescence Microscopy: excitation filter

Answer 14

allows only a specific wavelength go through

Question 15

Fluorescence Microscopy: dischroic

Answer 15

reflects excitation light onto the specimen

Question 16

Fluorescence Microscopy: sample

Answer 16

flurorophore absorbs excitation light and reflects back emission light

Question 17

Fluorescence Microscopy: epifluorescence

Answer 17

looking at light from the same side as the excitation light

Question 18

Fluorescence Microscopy: dichroic (2nd time)

Answer 18

allow emission light from the same side as the excitation light

Question 19

Fluorescence Microscopy: emission folter

Answer 19

allows only emission wavelengths through

Question 20

what is immunofluorescence

Answer 20

uses a fluorescent antibody to localize a specific wavelength

Question 21

what is GFP-tagging

Answer 21

green fluorescent protein which is attached to a particular protein to show where it localizes

Question 22

what is FRET

Answer 22

used to study if two proteins are next to each other

Question 23

what is FISH

Answer 23

used to show where specific DNA sequences are in a chromosome

Question 24

what is FRAP

Answer 24

used to study rate of lateral movement

Question 25

what is immunogold

Answer 25

it uses antibodies attached to gold particles

Question 26

what is tomography

Answer 26

taking images of several layers and then constructing a 3D image (CAT scan)

Question 27

what is a negative stain EM

Answer 27

it involves submerging the sample in electron dense liquid