Lecture 3 Unit 1 Flashcards
what are polymers linked by
covalent bonds
what is the only solution that does not transform nonvirulent bacteria into virulent cells
DNase
what does DNA do
stores and transmits genetic information
what is DNA
a polymer of nucleotides and forms a double helix
what is transcription
the process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
what is DNA transformed into after transcription
mRNA
what is the central dogma “flow”
DNA > mRNA > protein
what is the process called that turns DNA into mRNA
transcription
what is the process called that turns mRNA into proteins
translation
where is the phosphate group attached in a nucleotide
the 5’ carbon
where is the base attached in a nucleotide
1’ carbon
what is a nucleoside composed of
sugar and base
what is a nucleotide composed of
sugar a base and a phosphate
what are the purines
adenine and guanine
what is a characteristic of a purine
double ring
what are the pyrimidines
thymine and cytosine
what is a characteristic of a pyrimidine
thymine and cytosine
where do phosphodiester bonds occur
between nucleotides
what kind of bond is a phosphodiester bond
covalent
in a strand of DNA what is located at the 5’ end
phosphate group
in a strand of DNA what is located at the 3’ end
hydroxyl group
in the double helix where is the sugar phosphate backbone located
on the outside
in the double helix where are the bases located
inward
what are two major characteristics of DNA
anti parallel, and complementary
