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BMS 300 Unit 3 > Lecture 30- Four Chambered Heart, Layers, Blood Flow > Flashcards

Lecture 30- Four Chambered Heart, Layers, Blood Flow Flashcards

1
Q

Why don’t smaller organisms require a heart?

A

They use diffusion for waste/O2/nutrients instead

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2
Q

What type of animals require a pump?

A

3D animals

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3
Q

How many pumps/heart chambers do fish have?

A

One pump
Two chambered heart

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4
Q

How many pumps/heart chambers to mammals/birds have?

A

Two pumps
Four chambered heart

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5
Q

What is the main issue with a one pump/2 chamber system?

A

Not effiecient

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6
Q

What are the two pumps used for in the human body?

A

One for lungs and the other for the body

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7
Q

What does the left pump do?

A

Pumps blood from the lungs to the systemic vasculature

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8
Q

What does the right pump do?

A

Acts as the pulmonary pump and pumps blood to the capillaries in the lungs

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9
Q

Which pump is known as the pulmonary pump?

A

The right pump

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10
Q

What are the six series steps of the pumps?

A

Deoxygenated blood–>Right Pump–>Lungs–>Oxygenated blood–>Left Pump–>Systemic Vasculature

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11
Q

Where does blood enter to the Right Atrium through?

A

Inferior or Superior Vena Cava

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12
Q

What do the inferior and superior vena cavas tell you?

A

If blood is coming from the head or the lower parts of body

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13
Q

What valve separates the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle?

A

Right Atrioventricular (AV) valve

AKA Tricuspid valve

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14
Q

What valve separates the Right Ventricle and Pulmonary arterty?

A

Pulmonary valve

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15
Q

Where does deoxygenated blood enter the heart?

A

Vena Cava (superior/inferior)

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16
Q

Where does oxygenated blood enter the heart?

A

Pulmonary vein

17
Q

What valve separates the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle?

A

Left Atrioventricular (AV) valve

AKA Bicuspid valve

18
Q

What valve separates the Left Atrium and the Aorta?

A

Aortic valve

19
Q

What are the right blood path steps? (8)

A

Deoxygenated blood from body–>Inf/Sup Vena Cava–> Right Atrium–>Right AV valve–>Right Ventricle–>Right Pulmonary valve–>Right Pulmonary artery–>Lungs

20
Q

What are the left blood path steps? (8)

A

Oxygenated blood from lungs–>Pulmonary vein–>Left Atrium–>Left AV Valve–>Left Ventricle–>Aortic Valve–>Aorta–>Body

21
Q

Do veins or arteries carry blood away from the heart?

A

Arteries

22
Q

Do veins or arteries carry blood towards the heart?

A

Veins

23
Q

What is the myocardium?

A

Heart (cardiac) muscle

Surrounds the right/left ventircles

24
Q

What is the pericardial sac?

A

Heart sac that surrounds heart

25
Q

What are the two types of pericardium?

A

Visceral and Parietal

26
Q

What is visceral pericardium?

A

Inner layer along heart (inside of balloon)

27
Q

What is parietal pericardium?

A

Outer layer on outside of heart (outside of balloon)

28
Q

What are the parietal and visceral pericardium layers made of?

A

Continuous mesothelium

Visceral pericardium attaches to walls of heart

29
Q

What are epithelial cells?

A

Cells that rest upon the body’s surface/make contact with outside world

30
Q

What is the endothelium?

A

Continuous layer of endothelial cells which line the inside of blood vessels/DO NOT make contact with outside world

31
Q

What is the mesothelium?

A

Layers of mesothelial cells/line the Outside of Organs that are Inside the body

32
Q

Does the parietal or visceral pericardium pertain to the body wall?

A

Parietal

33
Q

Does the parietal or visceral pericardium pertain to organs?

A

Visceral

34
Q

Why is the fluid between the mesothelial layers important?

A

Reduces friction when the heart expands so it isn’t painful as the layers rub together

35
Q

What is pericarditis?

A

Swelling and irritation of fluid sac which causes pain due to friction

36
Q

What is Cardiac Tamponade?

A

Heart has trouble pumping and beating

37
Q

How does pressure work in the heart?

A

Low pressure enter and fills the ventricles which produces a larger pressure than outside to force blood out

BMS 300 Unit 3 (7 decks)

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