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Anatomy 215 > Lecture 32: Gross Anatomy of the Heart > Flashcards

Lecture 32: Gross Anatomy of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of circulation of the heart?

A
  • Systemic circulation
  • Pulmonary circulation
  • Hepatic portal circulation
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2
Q

What is the heart enclosed in?

A

The pericardial sac

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3
Q

The ___ of the heart is located posteriorly

A

The base

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4
Q

The ___ points inferiorly and to the left

A

apex

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5
Q

The heart is anterior to the _____ and the ____

A

trachea and esophagus

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the pericardial fluid in the pericardial cavity?

A

To reduce friction between the visceral and parietal pericardium layers when the heart is contracting

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7
Q

What is the mediastinum?

A

A region that extends from the sternum to the vertebral column, the first rib of the diaphragm and between the coverings of of the lungs

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8
Q

What is the serous pericardium?

A

The double layer membrane around the heart that is divided into the parietal and visceral layer

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9
Q

Describe the fibrous pericardium

A

Composed of tough, inelastic, dense irregular CT that

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10
Q

What heart chamber receives de-oxygenated blood?

A

The right atrium

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11
Q

What heart chamber receives oxygenated blood

A

The left atrium

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12
Q

What heart chamber pumps de-oxygenated blood?

A

The right ventricle

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13
Q

What heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood?

A

The left ventricle

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14
Q

Where is the interatrial septum located?

A

Between the right atrium and left atrium

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15
Q

Where is the atrioventricular groove (coronary sulcus) located?

A

Separates the right ventricle and right atrium

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16
Q

Where is the interventricular groove located?

A

Separates right and left ventricles

17
Q

Where are the pectinate muscles located? Describe them

A

The smooth internal wall that line the remainder of the atrial wall found during development

18
Q

Describe the fossa ovalis

A

An oval depression in the interatrial septum, which is the remnants of the foramen oval found in babies

19
Q

Describe the trabeculae carneae

A

the ridges on the inside of the right ventricle formed by raised bundles of cardiac muscle fibres

20
Q

Describe papillary muscle

A

cone shaped trabeculae carneae

21
Q

Describe the structure and location of the tricuspid valve

A

Valve for the right atria. Has 3 cusps. Passageway valve for right atrium to right ventricle

22
Q

Describe the structure and location of the bicupsid valve

A

On the left atria. Has 2 cusps. Valve for passage through Left atria to left ventricle

23
Q

Describe chordae tendineae

A

The tendon-like cords that the cusps of the right atrioventricular valve is connected to

24
Q

What are the two semilunar valves

A

The aortic valve and pulmonary valve

25
Q

Describe the pulmonary valve

A

For passageway through the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk. Has 3 cusps

26
Q

Describe the aortic valve

A

For passageway through the left ventricle to the aorta. Has 3 cusps

27
Q

What is the mnemonic to figure out which atrioventricular valve comes first?

A

TRI before you BI

28
Q

What does the right coronary artery do?

A

Supplies small branches to the right atrium
- Continues inferior to the right auricle and divides into the interventricular and marginal branches

29
Q

What does the posterior interventricular artery do?

A

Supplies oxygenated blood to the walls of both ventricles

30
Q

What does the marginal branch do?

A

Runs along the right margin of the heart and transports oxygenated blood to the wall of the right ventricle

31
Q

What does the left coronary artery do?

A

Passes inferior to the left auricle and divides into the anterior interventricular artery and the circumflex artery

32
Q

What does the circumflex artery do?

A

Supplies oxygenated blood to the walls of the left ventricle and left artery

33
Q

Describe the great cardiac vein

A
  • In the anterior interventricular sulcus
  • Drains the areas of the heart supplied by the left coronary artery (left and right ventricles and left atrium)
34
Q

Describe the middle cardiac vein

A

In the posterior interventricular sulcus
Drains the areas supplied by the inferior interventricular artery of the right coronary artery (left and right ventricles)

35
Q

Describe the small cardiac vein

A

Located in the coronary sulcus, drains the right atrium and right ventricle

36
Q

Describe the coronary sinus

A

Is the vascular sinus in the coronary sinus that empties the into the right atrium

Anatomy 215 (15 decks)

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