Lecture 4 :/

Question 1

is staphylococcus aureus gram positive or negative

Answer 1

gram positive

Question 2

what is a big issue surrounding staphylococcus aureus

Answer 2

toxins

Question 3

how many kinds of toxins produce an issue with staphylococcus aureus

Answer 3

5

Question 4

what do cytotoxins do

Answer 4

finds a receptor on cell, kills it

Question 5

what to haemolysins toxins do

Answer 5

affect red blood cells

Question 6

what do enterotoxins do

Answer 6

act on intestinal cells and makes immune system go crazy

Question 7

what are known as superantigens

Answer 7

enterotoxins

Question 8

what do exfoliative toxins do

Answer 8

cause scaled skin syndrome

Question 9

what kind of enzymes does staphylococcus aureus make

Answer 9

coagulase
beta-lactamase

Question 10

whats another name for beta-lactamase and why

Answer 10

penicillinase
destroys penicillin

Question 11

what is coagulase

Answer 11

enzyme produced by staphylococcus aureus
coagulation of fibrin

Question 12

what causes localized purulent infections

Answer 12

staphylococcus aureus

Question 13

what 4 big issues does staphylococcus aureus cause

Answer 13

pneumonia
osteomyelitis
septicemia
endocarditis

Question 14

what causes food poisoning

Answer 14

staphylococcus aureus

Question 15

what percent of staphylococcus aureus strains are penicillin resistant

Answer 15

85-90

Question 16

what bacteria is a big cause of hospital acquired infections

Answer 16

staphylococcus aureus

Question 17

what bacteria is a part of normal skin flora

Answer 17

staphylococcus epidermidis

Question 18

what bacteria is non pathogenic except in compromised patients

Answer 18

staphylococcus epidermidis

Question 19

what kind of bacteria is arranged in pairs or forming chains

Answer 19

streptococci

Question 20

what is streptos the greek word for

Answer 20

twisted

Question 21

what does nosocomial mean

Answer 21

hospital acquired

Question 22

what does streptococci mean

Answer 22

beads on a string

Question 23

are all streptococci haemolytic

Answer 23

no maam

Question 24

alpha hemolytic streptococci

Answer 24

partially destroys red blood cells

Question 25

gamma hemolytic streptococci

Answer 25

does nothing to rbc

Question 26

beta-hemolytic streptococci

Answer 26

fully destroys rbc

Question 27

what are the 3 ways streptococci are subdivided

Answer 27

haemolytic properties carbohydrate C antigen m protein (may have another layer)

Question 28

is streptococci gram positive or negative

Answer 28

positive

Question 29

what group is streptococcus pyogenes in

Answer 29

group A

Question 30

what is the hemolytic properties of streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 30

beta-hemolytic

Question 31

what can streptococcus pyogenes cause (4)

Answer 31

strep throat skin infections fever septicaemia

Question 32

what is the damage from streptococcus pyogenes caused by

Answer 32

toxins

Question 33

what are the two toxins associated with streptococcus pyogenes and what they do

Answer 33

streptolysins - affect RBC spes - causes scarlet fever rash

Question 34

what is another word for strep throat

Answer 34

acute tonsillitis

Question 35

what enzyme is secreted by streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 35

hyaluronidase

Question 36

what is the function of hyaluronidase

Answer 36

helps spread bacteria

Question 37

is streptococcus pyogenes sensitive or resistant to penicillin

Answer 37

sensitive

Question 38

what is the doctor's plague

Answer 38

doctors not washing hands before delivering babies

Question 39

what is responsible for the damage with necrotizing fasciitis

Answer 39

toxins

Question 40

What is the group b streptococci we learned about

Answer 40

streptococcus agalactiae

Question 41

what is the bacteria found in the vagina of healthy women

Answer 41

streptococcus agalactiae

Question 42

what bacteria could cause neonatal infections

Answer 42

streptococcus agalactiae

Question 43

what 2 things can streptococcus agalactiae cause

Answer 43

early septicemia respiratory distress or shock at birth

Question 44

what bacteria is referred to as a diplococci

Answer 44

streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 45

what is streptococcus pneumoniae also known as

Answer 45

pneumococcus

Question 46

what group is streptococcus faecalis in

Answer 46

Group d aka enterococcus

Question 47

where is streptococcus faecalis found

Answer 47

its normal flora of the gi tract

Question 48

what bacteria can cause endocarditis in individuals with damaged heart valves

Answer 48

viridens streptococci

Question 49

where is streptococcus pneumoniae found

Answer 49

naso-pharynx of healthy individuals

Question 50

what two things can streptococcus pneumoniae cause

Answer 50

lobar pneumonia meningitis

Question 51

what properties does the polysaccharide capsule of streptococcus pneumoniae have

Answer 51

antiphagocytic

Question 52

what are the two gram negative cocci we learned about

Answer 52

neisseria meningitidis neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 53

what bacteria uses chocolate agar

Answer 53

neisseria meningitidis

Question 54

what does neisseria meningitidis and streptococcus pneumoniae have in common (3)

Answer 54

cause menigitis found in naso pharynx of healthy individauls have antiphagocytic capsule

Question 55

what bacteria has an antiphagocytic polysaccharide capsule (2)

Answer 55

neisseria meningitidis streptococci pneumoniae

Question 56

does neisseria meningitidis only affect humans

Answer 56

yep

Question 57

how does Neisseria meningitidis present

Answer 57

starts as a skin rash, leads to septicemia

Question 58

what is the primary antibiotic used for neisseria meningitidis

Answer 58

penicillin

Question 59

is there a vaccine for neisseria meningitidis

Answer 59

Yes! yayyyyy

Question 60

who does neisseria meningitidis affect

Answer 60

children those living in crowded living quarters

Question 61

what can an infection of neisseria meningitidis lead to (3)

Answer 61

meningitis (shocker) septicaemia waterhouse-friederichsens syndrome

Question 62

what is waterhouse-friderichsens syndrome

Answer 62

the most severe form of septicaemia caused by neisseria meningitidis complication of speticaemia

Question 63

what is N. gonorrhoeae growth very sensitive to (2)

Answer 63

drying changes in temperature

Question 64

in a clinical lab, what plates does n. gonorrhoeae grow on

Answer 64

thayer-martin plates

Question 65

what gender has 50% of cases asymptomatic with n. gonorrhoeae

Answer 65

women

Question 66

what does clinical gonorrhoeae cause in men

Answer 66

acute urethra infection

Question 67

what is disseminated gonococcal infection

Answer 67

1-3% of cases due to n. gonorrhoeae; mostly women

Question 68

where on men do you swab to look for n. gonorrhoeae

Answer 68

urethral discharge

Question 69

where do you swab on women to look for n. gonorrhoeae

Answer 69

endocervical, urethral and anal swabs

Question 70

is there a vaccine for n. gonorrhoeae

Answer 70

nope

Question 71

is n. gonorrhoeae sensitive to penicillin

Answer 71

no, becoming resistant

Question 72

neonatal infections caused by n. gonorrhoeae can lead to what

Answer 72

gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum

Question 73

what bacteria causes necrotizing fasciitis

Answer 73

streptococcus pyogenes