Lecture 4 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is a T-Test?
It is a statistical test that estimates the odds difference between two sets of data due to chance. It’s a null hypothesis that states there is no difference it is all chance. NOT TESTING FOR A DIFFERENCE
When should you reject a null hypothesis?
If there is no chance
What is critical thinking?
Learn to critically evaluate “scientific” claims, think about other plausible explanations
What method did John Snow use to aid in the Cholera Epidemic in London in the 19th century?
He used scientific method as they were not advanced in medical technology
What were theories like before the scientific method?
They made a lot of sense but were not testable, they had nothing anchoring them to that one thing so could easily be reworded into another theory
What is behaviour controlled by?
The nervous system
What does the nervous system do?
It receives sensory information. All senses come into the body through here. It then integrates this information and sends signals forward off into different parts of the body.
What is the nervous system made up of?
Billions and billions of neurons
What is the lay out of a neuron?
It has an input area, an area to send information and then another neuron attached
How are signals transmitted?
Electrically
What is an ion?
An atom with an electrical charge
What ions are in neurons?
Sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium
Do neurons have a charge? Why or why not?
Yes they do because of the movement of ions across the cell membrane.
How do ions pass through a cell membrane?
Through channels and pumps
Which requires energy to move ions, channels or pumps?
Pumps require energy, channels allow ions to go through without energy
What two physical forces move ions across the membranes through a channel?
Electrical force and osmotic forces
Ions will either push or pull in one direction or the other
TRUE or FALSE
True. Ions of the same charge repel and ions of opposite charge attract.
What is the testing membrane potential of a neuron?
-70mV
Why does a neuron have a net negative charge?
Because we measure inside the cell relative to outside the cell
The whole neuron is charged.
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE.
just around the membrane is charged.
How do osmotic force molecules move?
From high concentration to low concentration
What does the electrical force mean?
That ions of the same charge will repel
Where is the most potassium found in a neuron?
Inside the cell
When a potassium channel opens what way will each force want potassium to travel?
Which way will it travel?
The osmotic force will want potassium to leave the cell and the electrical force will want it to move into the cell
