Lecture 4: Phonetics

Question 1

What does Phonetics study?

Answer 1

How speech sounds are produced and perceives

Question 2

What are the 3 types of Phonetics?

Answer 2

Articulatory
Acoustic
Auditory

Question 3

What is Articulatory Phonetics?

Answer 3

The study of how sounds are produced

Question 4

What is Acoustic Phonetics?

Answer 4

The study of the transmission of sounds and their physical properties such as intensity and duration

Question 5

What is Auditory Phonetics?

Answer 5

The study of phonetic perception of speech sounds by the listener

Question 6

What does the IPA provide?

Answer 6

A unique symbol for every possible human speech sound

Question 7

What are the two ways that most alphabets are flawed?

Answer 7

The same sound may be represented by different symbols e.g. to and two
Two or more sounds may be represented by the same letter e.g. the e in gate, get

Question 8

What are the two sources of sound production?

Answer 8

The lungs and the larynx

Question 9

What are the lungs the source of?

Answer 9

Airflow

Question 10

What is the larynx the source of?

Answer 10

Sound

Question 11

What is the purpose of filters?

Answer 11

Modify the air stream

Question 12

What are the 3 filters?

Answer 12

Oral cavity
Nasal cavity
Pharynx

Question 13

What is the Glottis?

Answer 13

The space between the Vocal folds

Question 14

What are the three types of Phonation modes or Glottis States?

Answer 14

Voiceless
Voiced
Whisper

Question 15

What is Voiceless Phonation?

Answer 15

Absence of any vibration where vocal cords are pulled apart

Question 16

What is Voiced Phonation?

Answer 16

Normal vocal fold vibration where vocal cords are pulled together but not closed

Question 17

What is Whisper Phonation?

Answer 17

When the front portion of vocal folds are pulled together while back portions are apart

Question 18

What are the 3 major sound classes?

Answer 18

Vowels
Consonants
Glides

Question 19

What is the Sound Class of Vowels?

Answer 19

There is no closure in the vocal tract
More sonorous
Syllabic

Question 20

What is the sound class of Consonants?

Answer 20

Narrow or complete closure in the vocal tract
Less sonorous
Most are non-syllabic

Question 21

What is the sound class of Glides?

Answer 21

Vowel articulation

Pattern like consonants

Question 22

What creates Nasal sounds?

Answer 22

The velum being lowered

Question 23

What creates Oral sounds?

Answer 23

The velum being raised which blocks the passage of air through the nose

Question 24

What are the 3 Parameters of Articulation?

Answer 24

Place of articulation
Manner of articulation
Voicing

Question 25

What is place of articulation?

Answer 25

Where the sound is produced

Question 26

What is manner of articulation?

Answer 26

How the sound is produced

Question 27

What is Voicing?

Answer 27

Voiceless or voiced glottal state

Question 28

What are the 4 manners of articulation?

Answer 28

* Stops * Fricatives * Affricates * Flap

Question 29

What are Stops?

Answer 29

Consonants pronounced with a complete closure in the vocal tract

Question 30

What are Fricatives?

Answer 30

Consonants pronounced with an incomplete closure in the vocal tract

Question 31

What are Affricates?

Answer 31

Consonants pronounced with a slow release of closure, a combination of a stop and a fricative

Question 32

What ar Flaps?

Answer 32

When the tongue strikes the alveolar ridge quickly

Question 33

What are the 4 parameters of Vowel Articulation?

Answer 33

* Vertical position of the tongue * Horizontal position of the tongue * Tenseness * Lip rounding

Question 34

What are Dipthongs?

Answer 34

Vowels that show a noticable change in articulation during their production