LECTURE 4: PLATO

Question 1

Known as the “Wise Ones” because they claimed that they could teach wisdom as a “techne” or skill; the first professional teachers who had mastered the art of rhetoric

Answer 1

Sophists

Question 2

This sophist quoted, “Virtue is not one but many; virtue depends on one’s status in life.”

Answer 2

Gorgias

Question 3

This sophist quoted, “Man is the measure of all things.”

Answer 3

Protagoras

Question 4

This sophist quoted, “Justice or righteousness is in accordance with the interest of the stronger party.”

Answer 4

Thrasymachus

Question 5

The process of taking on and embracing the hypothesis/argument of your opponent as if you agree with it but later show its inherent contradiction, which will make the argument look absurd.

Answer 5

Dialectics

Question 6

Timeline of Socrates

Answer 6

470 - 399 BC

Question 7

Timeline of Plato

Answer 7

428 - 348 BC

Question 8

True or False: Socrates never wrote anything in his lifetime.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True or False: What we know about Socrates mainly came from Aristotle’s accounts particularly in the early dialogues, where Socrates was the main character, as well as the middle dialogues.

Answer 9

False. It was Plato, not Aristotle.

Question 10

Socrates was punished with the death sentence via drinking poison from a plant called ______.

Answer 10

Hemlock

Question 11

He was an absolutist and idealist.

Answer 11

Plato

Question 12

”.. so the entire soul must be turned away from the changing world until its _____ can bear to contemplate reality and that supreme splendor called the ______.”

Answer 12

eye ; good

Question 13

“One thing only I know, and that is that I know ______.”

Answer 13

Nothing

Question 14

Recognizing one’s ignorance and limitations before achieving knowledge.

Answer 14

Aporia

Question 15

Noetic insight and _________ ——-> True knowledge using the ‘______ of the mind’

Answer 15

enlightenment ; eye

Question 16

Also known as KNOXA

Answer 16

Knowledge

Question 17

Grasping of complete or perfect knowledge of the forms and ideas, the direct apprehension of the transcendent objects of knowledge in the other world or dimension.

Answer 17

Noesis

Question 18

Relies on some assumptions, hypotheses, and imagery from the physical or sensible world.

Answer 18

Dianoia

Question 19

Also known as DOXA

Answer 19

Opinion

Question 20

Appearances or reality as it appears to be

Answer 20

Opinion

Question 21

Our commonsensical view or practical knowledge about the world.

Answer 21

Belief or conviction

Question 22

Other word for belief

Answer 22

Pistis

Question 23

Other word for illusion

Answer 23

Eikasia

Question 24

Second-hand information that we accept without further investigation or search for any evidence

Answer 24

Illusion or imagination

Question 25

"Until _______ are ______, then will this, our state, have a possibility of life as behold the light of day."

Answer 25

philosophers ; kings

Question 26

What is the goal of Plato's philosophy?

Answer 26

The Pursuit of the Good Life

Question 27

What kind of justice is this? The rational part will be ruling over the irrational part

Answer 27

Justice in the soul

Question 28

What kind of justice is this? Harmony ; where you are not trying to be what your nature is not

Answer 28

Justice in the state

Question 29

Myth of the Three Metals

Answer 29

1. Gold (ruler/philosopher king) 2. Silver (warrior class/guardians of the state) 3. Bronze (slaves)

Question 30

What are the Three Waves (The Republic)?

Answer 30

1. Abolition of the family 2. Prohibition of ownership of property among guardians 3. Equality between men and women (among the guardians)