Lecture 40- Cerebellum

Question 1

What does damage to the cerebellum produce?

Answer 1

disturbances in range, direction and accuracy of movements (ataxia-loss of coordination of movements, dysmetria-faulty judgement of distance of movement)

Question 2

What is the archicerebellum concerned with?

Answer 2

balance/vestibulation (anti-gravity extensors)

Question 3

What is the archicerebellum also known as?

Answer 3

vestibulocerebellum

Question 4

Which part of the cerebellum receives input from the vestibular nucleus and apparatus (archicerebellum)?

Answer 4

flocculo-nodular lobe

Question 5

Where do cells of the flocculi-nodular lobe project?

Answer 5

fastigial nucleus

Question 6

Where does the fastigial nucleus project?

Answer 6

vestibular nucleus and reticular formation (ICP)

Question 7

What is the Paleospinocerebellum concerned with?

Answer 7

aka Spinocerebellum

concerned with postural reflexes

Question 8

Where do the spinocerebellar tracts project?

Answer 8

to the anterior lobe of the cerebellum (and posterior vermis)

• Dorsal Spinocerebellar (ICP)
• Ventral Spinocerebellar (SCP)

Question 9

Where does the anterior lobe of the cerebellum (spinocerebellar imput) project?

Answer 9

globose and eboliform nucleus

Question 10

Where do the globose and eboliform nucleus project?

Answer 10

Red Nucleus

Question 11

What are the fibers contained in the central tegmental tract that come from the red nucleus?

Answer 11

fibers that come from the red nucleus going to the inferior olivary nucleus (info about postural reflexes/muscle sense)

Question 12

Where do olivocerebellar tracts project? How do they get there?

Answer 12

• Inf Olive–>Anterior lobe/Post Vermis of cerebellum

- Via ICP

Question 13

What is contained within the Superior Cerebellar Peduncle

Answer 13

• afferent fibers from Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract
• Efferent fibers from globose and eboliform to the contralateral red nucleus
• Efferent fibers from dentate nucleus to the VA/VL of the thalamus (contralateral)

Question 14

What is the Neocerebellum (Pontocerebellum/Posterior lobe) concerned with?

Answer 14

adjusting/smoothing ongoing movements

Question 15

Where do the pontine nuclei project to?

Answer 15

contralateral posterior lobe of the cerebellum

Question 16

Where does the posterior lobe of the cerebellum project

Answer 16

dentate nucleus

Question 17

Where does the dentate nucleus project?

Answer 17

VA/VL of the thalamus (via the SCP)

Question 18

What is dysmetria?

Answer 18

faulty judgement of distance in movement

Question 19

What are the only excitatory cells of the cerebellum?

Answer 19

the granule cells

Question 20

Where do granule cells send their axons?

Answer 20

to the molecular layer (most superficial layer)

Question 21

What is the deepest layer of the cerebellum? What cells are found there?

Answer 21

Granule Cell layer

Excitatory Granule cells are found there (send their projects to the molecular cell layer)

Question 22

What are the parallel fibers?

Answer 22

found in the molecular layer they are the axons of granule cells that run transversely

Question 23

Do parallel fibers provide excitatory or inhibitory input?

Answer 23

-Excitatory input-axons of granule cells

Question 24

List the 3 layers of the cerebellum from superficial to deep.

Answer 24

Molecular Layer
Purkinje Cell Layer
Granule Cell Layer

Question 25

What are the principle projection neurons of the cerebellum? Are they excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 25

Purkinje Cells-inhibitory

Question 26

List the 5 cell types found in the cerebellum.

Answer 26

1. Granule Cells 2. Purkinje Cells 3. Basket Cells 4. Stellate Cells 5. Golgi Cells

Question 27

In what layer would you find the dendrites of the purkinje cells?

Answer 27

molecular layer

Question 28

Which cells provide inhibitory input to the purkinje cells in the molecular layer?

Answer 28

Basket Cells | Stellate Cells

Question 29

Which cells provide excitatory input to the purkinje cells in the molecular layer?

Answer 29

Granule Cells

Question 30

What inputs do the purkinje cells receive in the molecular layer?

Answer 30

- Inhibitory-Basket and Stellate Cells | - excitatory-Granule Cells

Question 31

Where is the Golgi Cell found?

Answer 31

border of granule cell layer and purkinje cell layer

Question 32

Where do the mossy fibers of the cerebellum originate? Are they excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 32

Mossy Fibers- Pontine Nuclei - Vestibular N and apparatus - Excitatory

Question 33

Where do the climbing fibers originate? Are they excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 33

Climbing Fibers- Inferior Olive | -Excitatory

Question 34

What are the three signals that the deep cerebellar nuclei receive?

Answer 34

- Inhibitory -from purkinje cells - excitatory- from Mossy fibers (pontine and vestibular nuclei) - excitatory- from Climbing fibers (inf. olive)

Question 35

Which cell of the cerebellum does not synapse on the purkinje cell?

Answer 35

Golgi Cell

Question 36

What are the four inputs that the purkinje cell receives?

Answer 36

1. Excitatory- Climbing Fibers (Inf. Olive) 2. Excitatiory- Granule Cell (which was excited by the mossy fiber from pontine and vest nuclei) 3. Inhibitory- Stellate Cell 4. Inhibitory- Basket Cell

Question 37

What are the two inputs the the granule cell receives?

Answer 37

1. Excitatory- from Mossy Fibers (pontine and vestibular nuclei) 2. Inhibitory- from Golgi Cell

Question 38

What does the Golgi Cell do?

Answer 38

inhibits the mossy fiber/granule cell excitatory synapse