Lecture 5 and 6 Flashcards
(28 cards)
Name 4 classes of carbohydrates found at the plasma membrane.
Glycolipids
Glycoproteins
Peptidoglycans
Glycoasminoglycans
What is the function of the flagella?
To move the cell
What is the purpose of the cilia?
To move the cell and the extracellular membrane, to increase the cell’s surface area
What is the purpose of microvilli?
To increase the cells’ surface area
What is euchromatin?
Losely packed DNA
Transcribed
What is heterochromatin?
Densly packed, regulatory
What type of membrane binds a chloroplast?
Double membrane
What do ribosomal subunits consist of?
rRNA and proteins
What subunits of ribosome do prokaryotes have?
30 and 50S
70S all together
What subunits of ribosome do eukaryotes have?
40 and 60S
80S all together
What is the purpose of glycosylation?
Protect the proteins
How do proteins move through the golgi apparatus?
Vesicular trafficking
Name three digestive organelles.
Endosomes, lysosomes and peroxisomes
What are the three types of endosome, formed by pinocytosis/phagocytosis?
Early, recycling and late endosome
What reaction does catalase catalyse in a peroxisome?
Removal of hydrogen peroxide
RH2 +H2O2 –> 2H2O
What organelle is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Ribosome
Where does prokaryotic metabolism occur?
Cytosol
How many kingdoms of eukaryotes and prokaryotes are there?
5 and 2 respectively
What are the eukaryotic kingdoms?
Animals, plants, fungi, yeast, amoeba
What are the prokaryotic kingdoms?
Bacteria and Archaea
What groups can archae be split into?
Euryarchaeota and crenarcheaota
What are the 4 morphologies of prokaryotes?
Cocci, baciullus, spirochetes, vibrio
Name a bacteria with a multicellular stage.
Myxobacteria
Name a bacteria that forms colonies.
Cyanobacteria
