Lecture 5 - Communication modes and access methods Flashcards
Define no tech, low/lite tech and high tech w examples
- No tech=no aids
- Low/lite tech= picture boards, very simple device, couple of messages, switch, alphabet board
- High tech= fancy multi-level display, SGD, speech output…
True or false - ALS is low tech
FALSE it is NO tech
What degree of tech is text to speech?
High
What are some reasons you: May choose low tech over high tech ?
- Someone who is no tech savvy or dislikes technology
- Visual acuity not as strong (however have large display high tech versions)
- Motor abilities
- Need low-tech back-up in case tech isn’t working
- Financial barriers
- Environments that are not tech friendly (e.g. swimming pool, ICU, bathroom, outdoors – sunlight/rain/snow)
Many clients don’t use ___-tech with family because their family
Don’t use high - family already knows the client’s no or low-tech modes so well & can communicate without it
What are the five circles of the social network. does inner or outer circle require more tech?
1) fam/life partner
2) friends
3) acquaintances
4) paid professionals
5) Unfamiliar partners
> the further out the more tech required
List and explain the low tech devices discussed in class
> Single messaging devices (record one msg),
multi msg single switch devices (Program a series of messages to follow a convo
“Hi how are you, im fine, lets talk about the news “)
Simple SGDs (static display)
Voice amplifiers (fundable, also AAC, doesn’t help clarity)
Electrolarynx - cheap online
HOw much funding do AAC users receive? renting? Trials?
- 1 device is funded every 5 years for an AAC user in Ontario
- No funding is provided for apps
- Cannot prescribe multiple devices
- Trial period for high tech devices
- If renting then can change equipment any # of times
- Single message device (e.g. switch) is very expensive for just 1 message
LIghtwriter SL40 and allora are what type of high tech?
Text to speech (high)
What type of devices use high tech dynamic displays?
e.g. tablets – windows, Android, Apple
Give some examples of writing aids and who would use them
Screen readers, wor prediction, writing w symbols, adaptive equipment
> for people who are Computer literate but
cant hand write
What type of tech would we use for the 4 cases discussed?
- James (3.5) = depends on behaviour (e.g. physically aggressive or angry person is not good with high tech devices), low tech (symbols, core)
- Jane=high, low & no tech
- Mary=depends on preference – high or low (if high also give low)
- Fred=high, low, and no-tech
What are the 3 access methods?
Direct, quasi-direct and indirect
What is direct selection?
“pointing” to the disered item (sometimes v slow)
What are some Physical adaptations for direct accesss
- Key guard (holes on screen to help client push the right button)
- Head pointer
- Hold adapted stylus to point
How can we Adjust screens & sensitivity of devices to improve direct selection?
- If client is shaky, adjust device to require client to hold down button a longer or a selection
- Can make screen less sensitive
- If client needs to rest on the screen, change settings so that last place client touches & lifts off will be selected (touch exit)
What is quasi direct selection and give examples
Mouse, trackball, wheelchair drive to control mouse on the screen, head mouse
- “Dwell” – place the mouse stays will be selected
- Keep person away from scanning if possible!
- Joystick
- Eye gaze (e.g. dynavox)
- Morse code (dots & dashes) – 2 switches (can accept into text on screen)
What is indirect selection?
- Scanning – switch to go through pattern of buttons for selection (usually 1-2 switches)
- Group scan: by row or column, 1 switch, automatic (device scans for you)
- Step: press switch to advance
- Most clients have 2-3 seconds per choice
True or false Low tech is easier to manage with scanning
TRUE - for high tech if you make a mistake while scanning there is a high price to pay
True or false there is more social interaction with high tech
False - more with low - need a partners assistance
What types of symbols are most difficult to scan?
Bliss (abstract) or virtual (hidden buttons – will need to make them visible)
What type of selection is scanning? What the different types of scanning ?
Indirect
- types = patterns, linear, group - one, 2 or multiple switch, automatic or step
What is auditory scanning? Low vs. high?
Low tech = Listener assisted - partner provides options, client says yes to select
High: device assisted, automatically moves columns then hit switch to select
Why is direct often the preferred choice?
because it’s cause & effect (if you move away from this then it leads to cognitive load)
