Lecture 5- Research Ethics Flashcards
What is scientific misconduct?
- Fraudulent or false data
What are the consequences of scientific misconduct?
- Retraction of published papers
- Ban on government grants for years
- End of career
- Legal (felony) charges
What are correct attribution of ideas?
- Cite the ideas of others appropriately
- Whenever possible, paraphrase, don’t quote
What is authorship?
- Establishes credit and accountability
- Avoid honorary authors
What are conflicts of interest?
Roles
- Balancing your roles as a clinician and researchers
Financial
What is the Federal Policy for Protection of Human Subjects?
- Participation must be voluntary, not coerced
- Participants must be safeguarded from harm (physical and psychological
- Participants must provided informed consent
- Must maintain participants confidentiality and privacy
- Must understand participation ban be discontinued at any time
What does the Belmont Report include?
- Respect of Persons
- Beneficence
- Justice
What does respect of persons mean?
- Acknowledge of autonomy
- Protect those with diminished autonomy
What is informed consent?
- Investigator ensures the participant understands
- Informed consent is a process, not a signature on a piece of paper
- Participant needs to know the treatment and the alternatives
What about concealment or deception?
The investigator must:
- Determine whether there are any alternatives
- Determine whether the risk is justified
- Ensure participants know they are allowed to withdraw at any time
- Takes full responsibility for detecting and removing stressful after-effects of the experience
- Ensure that participants are provided with an explanation as soon as possible
What is beneficience?
- Protect the well-being of the person (psychological and physical)
- Maximize benefits, minimize potential harms
What about beneficial treatments?
If there are beneficial treatments, control groups must be provided access to them
What is justice?
Fair decisions about who participates (protected classes)
What are some special populations?
- Prisoners
- Children
- Pregnant women and their fetuses
- Persons with impaired capacity to provide consent
What about coercion?
- It is unacceptable to coerce a person to participate
- Can participants feel like they can opt out?
