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Flashcards in Lecture 5 - RH Deck (18)
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1
Q

Why has the human genome been sequenced?

A

Molecular medicine: Diagnosis, prevention and treatment
Reproductive biology: How do we develop?
Hereditary disease: Here are 3,000-4,000 hereditary disease Cure???
Understanding of genetic alterations (e.g. SNPs)

2
Q

1984-1986

A

Idea to first sequence the entire human genome was proposed at a scientific meeting sponsored by U.S. Dept of Energy

3
Q

1988

A

US congress approves funding to Dept of Energy and NIH, James Watson named director of NIH NHGR

4
Q

1990

A

Project officially begins (International consortium US, France, England, China and Germany)

5
Q

1990 - 1995

A

Human Genome project focuses on building maps

6
Q

1992

A

Francis Collins replaces James Watson as Director

7
Q

1996

A

Bermuda principles established for IHGSC

8
Q

1998

A

J. Craig Venter forms Celera (aim to sequence entire genome in 3 years)

9
Q

1999

A

Public consortium on track to have draft of human sequence by 2000

10
Q

Dec ’99

A

Chromosome 22 completed and published

11
Q

May ’00

A

Chromosome 21 completed and published

12
Q

Jun ’00

A

Both groups announce completion of Draft

13
Q

15/2/01

A

IHGSC publish in Nature

14
Q

16/2/01

A

Celera publish in Science

15
Q

What is the difference between the 2 consortia; IHGSC and Celera?

A

IHGSC public funded
Used hierarchical approach
Easier because different groups were sequencing different chromosomes

Celera
Whole genome shotgun
Finished faster

16
Q

Why was chromosome 22 sequenced first?

A

Shortest chromosome

17
Q

How does hierarchal sequencing work?

A

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) are generated

18
Q

How does shotgun sequencing work?

A

Whole-genome shotgun reads are produced