Lecture 5--shoulder Arthrology

Question 0

Is the only articulation between the upper limb and axial skeleton

Answer 0

Sc joint

Question 1

Movements of the shoulder include what joints

Answer 1

Ac joint
Sc joint
Scapulothoracic joint–muscular attachment at the scapula and clavicle to the axial skeleton. It’s a physiological joint not anatomical.
GH joint

Question 2

The sc joint is a ___ joint

Answer 2

Saddle

Question 3

What are the ligaments of the sc joint

Answer 3

Inter clavicular ligament,
costoclavicular ligament
Anterior and posterior sternal clavicular ligament

Question 4

Where the jugular notch sits is the ____. It’s where the superior aspect of the sternal end of one clavicle meets with the superior aspect of the sternal end of the other.

Answer 4

Interclavicular ligament

Question 5

The Interclavicular ligament strengthens the capsule of the joints ____

Answer 5

Superiorly

Question 6

____ restrains anterior/posterior movement of the sc joint.

Answer 6

Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments.

Question 7

____ inferior surface to the sternal end of the clavicle connected to the upper surface of the 1st rib and costal cartilage.

Answer 7

Costoclavicular ligament

Question 8

____is one degree stabilizing structure of the sc joint! limiting extremation of all clavicular motion except depression. It is the primary stabilizing structure.

Answer 8

Costoclavicular ligament

Question 9

Clavicular movements at the ac and sc joints are associated with the

Answer 9

Scapula

Question 10

The ac joint is a ____ type joint

Answer 10

Plane

Question 11

A ____ is at the ac joint

Answer 11

Fibrocargilagenous disc

Question 12

Ligaments of the ac joint

Answer 12

Acromioclavicular ligament

Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 13

Attaches the acromion of the scapula to the acromial end of the clavicle.

Answer 13

Acromioclavicular ligament

Question 14

____ strengthens the clavicle superiorly

Answer 14

Acromioclavicular joint

Question 15

____ consists of two ligaments the conoid and the trapezoid

Answer 15

Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 16

Attaches the coracoid process of scapula to the inferior surface of the acromial end of the clavicle. It anchors the clavicle to the scapula, maintaining integrity at the ac joint.

Answer 16

Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 17

What is the function of the st joint

Answer 17

Orientation of the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Question 18

What type of joint is the GH joint

Answer 18

Ball and socket

Question 19

Where are the apertures of the GH joint

Answer 19

Between the tubercles of the humerus and inferior to the coracoid process of the scapula. There are two apertures.

Question 20

What are the ligaments of the GH joint

Answer 20

GH ligament
Glenoid labrum
Coracohuneral ligament
Coracromial arch

Question 21

Three fibrous bands: superior middle and inferior. They are integrated into the joint capsule.

Answer 21

GH ligaments

Question 22

Strong broad band. Attaches the base of the coracoid process to the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Answer 22

Coracohuneral ligament

Question 23

Restrains the inferior and posterior translation in the adducted arm

Answer 23

Coracohuneral ligament

Question 24

____ is extrinsic to the GH joint. It's formed by the inferior surface of the acromial and the coracoid process, with the coracromial ligament running between them.

Answer 24

Coracromial arch

Question 25

____ tendon passes under the arch

Answer 25

Supraspinatus tendon

Question 26

____prevents superior displacement of the humerus

Answer 26

Coracromial arch

Question 27

Flexion or abduction occur simultaneously with

Answer 27

Scapular upward rotation

Question 28

What could limit the motion of scapular upward rotation

Answer 28

Weak serratus or traps

Question 29

What are the bursa of the scapula called

Answer 29

Subscapular bursa | Sub acromial bursa

Question 30

____located between the tendon of the subscapulairs and the neck of the scapula. Protects the tendon where it passes beneath the coracoid process and over the neck of the scapula. It communicates with the joint cavity.

Answer 30

Subscapular bursa

Question 31

____ located inferior to the acromion and the coracromial ligament, between them and the supraspinatus. It facilitates the movement of the supraspinatus tendon under the arch and the deltoid tendon over the capsule over the GH joint and the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Answer 31

Subacromial bursa

Question 32

How is the GH joint nOrmally dislocated

Answer 32

In an anterior inferior direction

Question 33

What are the compartments of the arm

Answer 33

They come about through the anterior and posterior compartments by the humerus and medial and lateral intermuscular septa. Anterior and posterior compartments

Question 34

What's in the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 34

They come about through the anterior and posterior compartments by the humerus and medial and lateral intermuscular septa. Anterior contents: has a lot of vascular and neural elements. Has elbow flexors, brachial artery, musculocutaneous nerve, median (nothing in the arm, just passing), medial brachial cutaneous (nothing in the arm), and radial nerve (passes through proximally and into distally). The axillary nerve before it goes into the quadrangular space. It's anterior before it goes posterior.

Question 35

What's in the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 35

Elbow extensor muscles Profunda brachii artery (passes distally--goes behind the medial epicondyle so it has to pass posteriorly), axillary nerve and radial nerve.

Question 36

What is the articular disc of the distal radio ulnar joint called in the clinic

Answer 36

Triangular Fibrocartilage complex or TFCC

Question 37

Where is the supinator crest and fossa located

Answer 37

Lateral side of ulna

Question 38

What is the fracture of the radius or ulna after 50 referred to

Answer 38

Colles fracture--distal radial fracture from falling on an outstretched hand.

Question 39

What is the rule for the anterior compartment

Answer 39

All of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm are supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve!

Question 40

Where is the long head of the biceps located

Answer 40

Long head is lateral

Question 41

What is the major elbow flexor that is usually active always

Answer 41

Brachialis muscle

Question 42

Rule for the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 42

All muscles are supplied by the radial nerve!

Question 43

What runs in the radial groove of the humerus

Answer 43

Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery.

Question 44

What is the triceps reflex

Answer 44

C7 and c 8

Question 45

Origin of the brachial artery

Answer 45

Continuation of the axillary artery at the inferior border of the teres major.

Question 46

Course of the brachial artery

Answer 46

Lies anterior To the triceps and Brachialis and medial to and then anterior to the humerus. As it passes inferolaterally, it accompanies the median nerve. It ends in the cubital fossa by dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries.

Question 47

Mid humeral fractures out what at risk

Answer 47

Radial nerve

Question 48

Distal humeral fractures put what at risk

Answer 48

Median nerve

Question 49

Medial epicondyle fractures out what at risk

Answer 49

Ulnar nerve

Question 50

What are the branches of the brachial artery

Answer 50

Arising from the medial aspect: Profunda brachii Superior ulnar collateral Inferior ulnar collatoral

Question 51

Enters the posterior compartment of the arm with the radial nerve and passes the triangular internal and courses the radial groove of the humerus. Inferolaterally on the posterior surface of the medial head of the triceps, giving off the ascending branch.

Answer 51

Profunda brachii artery

Question 52

Arises near the middle of the arm and accompanies the ulnar nerve posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

Answer 52

Superior ulnar collatoral

Question 53

Arises proximal to the elbow joint

Answer 53

Inferior ulnar collatoral

Question 54

Arterial articular anastomoses can be used to bypass a blockage. Arterial communications around the elbow between what vessels can occur

Answer 54

Radial collateral artery Middle collateral artery--goes posterior Superior ulnar collateral artery--posterior Inferior ulnar collatoral--anterior Ulnar, interosseous, and radial recurrent arteries.

Question 55

Where is most of the venal puncture done

Answer 55

Median cubital vein

Question 56

Is a lateral branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve. It communicates with the medial brachial cutaneous nerve.

Answer 56

Intercostobrachial, t1 or t2 nerve

Question 57

Distribution of the intercostobrachial nerve

Answer 57

Sensory to the medial aspect of the arm.

Question 58

Musculocutaneous nerve is motor to

Answer 58

Anterior arm

Question 59

Initially runs on the lateral side of the brachial artery until it reaches the. Idle of the arm where it crosses to the medial side and contacts the brachialis, it descends through the cubital fossa. No sensory in the arm

Answer 59

Median nerve

Question 60

Initially runs parallel to the median nerve with the brachial artery and vein between them. At the middle of the arm it pierces the intermuscular septum to continue its course in the posterior compartment. Supplies nothing I'm the arm

Answer 60

Ulnar nerve

Question 61

Runs along the medial side of the axillary and brachial veins. Communicates with the intercostobrachial nerve. Sensory to the medial aspect of the arm

Answer 61

Medial brachial cutaneous nerve

Question 62

Initially runs with the ulnar nerve and then goes superficial and enters subcutaneous tissue. No distribution in the arm.

Answer 62

Medial antebrachial cutaneous

Question 63

Passes to the posterior aspect of the arm through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery. Winds around the surgical neck of the humerus. Superiolateral aspect for sensory.

Answer 63

Axillary nerve

Question 64

Runs with the profunda brachii in the radial groove. However, it pierces the lateral intermuscular septa and then sits anterior between the Brachialis and brachioradialis.

Answer 64

Radial nerve

Question 65

Sensory to the posterior aspect and inferolateral aspect of the arm.

Answer 65

Radial nerve | Posterior cutaneous nerve and inferior lateral cutaneous nerve

Question 66

What does a dislocated humeral joint or surgical neck fracture injure

Answer 66

Axillary nerve

Question 67

Mid humeral fracture injures

Answer 67

Radial nerve

Question 68

Fracture at medial epicondyle injures

Answer 68

Ulnar nerve

Question 69

Distal humerus fracture injures

Answer 69

Median nerve

Question 70

When does claw hand happen

Answer 70

When you have lower brachial plexus problem or from the ulnar nerve being injured.

Question 71

Injury to mid humerus and radial nerve gives

Answer 71

Wrist drop

Question 72

What causes hand of benediction

Answer 72

No flexion in the first second and third digits. This is a median nerve injury.

Question 73

What would happen if axillary nerve got injured from a dislocation and or surgical neck fracture

Answer 73

Teres minor and deltoid would have sensory and motor loss.

Question 74

Borders of the triangular interval of the arm

Answer 74

Superior--teres major Lateral--lateral head of triceps brachii Medial--long head of the triceps brachii

Question 75

Contents of the triangular interval

Answer 75

Radial nerve and the profunda brachii artery.

Question 76

Describe the brachial fascia

Answer 76

It is continuous superiorly with the pectoral and axillary fascia. The medial and lateral intermuscular septa extend from the deep surfaces to the supracondylar ridges of the humerus. It is attached inferiorly to the epicondyles of the humerus and the olecranon of the ulna. It then becomes continuous with the deep fascia of the forearm (antebrachial fascia).