Lecture 5.4

Question 1

List the Progression of complexity of Ecology

Answer 1

Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biome

Question 2

consists of all of the populations in an area and the nonliving physical environments

Answer 2

Ecosystem

Question 3

Ecologists study __ and ___

Answer 3

Energy flow and chemicals

Question 4

Chemicals generally exist in

Answer 4

cycles through the ecosystem

Question 5

Plants are eaten by herbivores

Answer 5

primary consumer

Question 6

Herbivores are eaten by a carnivore

Answer 6

secondary consumer

Question 7

Likely that another carnivore is involved that consumes the first carnivore

Answer 7

tertiary consumer

Question 8

eat plants and animals

Answer 8

Omnivore

Question 9

eaters of dead material/detritus

Answer 9

Detritivore

Question 10

: Bacteria and fungi that take organic material and break it down into inorganic compounds

Answer 10

Decomposers

Question 11

: earth worms that take the smaller chunks and break it down into even smaller chunks

Answer 11

Detritivore

Question 12

: something big like a turkey vulture, eats large chunks of meat and breaks them down into small chunks

Answer 12

Scavengers

Question 13

: the amount of energy on one level that is made into organism on the next

Answer 13

Food chain efficiency

Question 14

a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bio productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem. Energy is lost at each step as you go up the trophic level

Answer 14

Ecological pyramid

Question 15

a grasshopper eating a leaf, 50% lost as feces, 33% lost as cellular respiration this is an example of

Answer 15

ecological pyramid

Question 16

the amount of organic matter from light per unit area per unit time, often measured in grams/meter squared/year

Answer 16

Primary productivity of an ecosystem

Question 17

amount of heterotrophs made/area/unit time

Answer 17

Secondary productivity

Question 18

Chemical cycles are more properly called

Answer 18

biogeochemical cycles

Question 19

Carbon on our earth exists in __ different areas

Answer 19

4-5
Atmosphere
Living things
Lithosphere
Fossile fuels

Question 20

in equilibrium with the hydrosphere (all water of the earth)

Answer 20

The atmosphere

Question 21

contain carbon, we gain it from the atmosphere, plants gain it from photosynthesis

Answer 21

living things

Question 22

the rocks of the planet, can dissolve in water over time and the carbon returns and through volcanic venting carbon is returned to the atmosphere

Answer 22

lithosphere

Question 23

carbon preserved in remains of organisms long ago

Answer 23

fossil fiels

Question 24

Humans are deforesting places on earth, especially tropical, when trees are cut down or burned the carbon returns to the atmosphere, which

Answer 24

increases the atmospheric concentration of carbon

Question 25

We are also using fossil fuels which releases carbon into the atmosphere again increasing the carbon in the atmosphere and in the

Answer 25

hydrosphere (our oceans are becoming more acidic)

Question 26

On land, plants take up phosphorus, plants get eaten so animals get phosphorus, animals die, and P returns to the soil. Similar cycle in the water

Answer 26

Phosphorus cycle