Lecture 56

Question 1

Pharyngeal gut cover what?

Answer 1

Internal surface of the pharyngeal arches

Question 2

Tracheo-bronchial diverticulum becomes..?

Answer 2

Lung Buds

Question 3

HOX gene regulates

Answer 3

Development of Head and Neck

Question 4

Pharyngeal arches start development on what day?

Answer 4

Day 22 (week 4)

Question 5

How many Phayngeal arches/pouches/gooves(clefts)?

General location?

Answer 5

5 Arches (contain CAN- cartilage, artery, nerve)

4 pouches (PIP- pouches inside)

4 groove (clefts)- outside

Question 6

Pharyngeal Arch dervivatives

Answer 6

1 = ear structures, external auditory meatus, primative tympanic cavity, audity tube

2 = palintine tonsils

3 = inferior parathyroid gland, thymus

4 = superior parathyroid gland, ultimobranchial body

Question 7

Ectopic Thymic, Parathyroid tissue

Answer 7

Accessory glands or remnants of tissues persist along development migrating pathway

Question 8

Branchial Fistulas

Answer 8

2nd arch fails to grow caudally over 3rd,4th arch. 2,3,4 celfts come in contact w surface by a narrow canal

Question 9

Thyroglossal cyst

Answer 9

cystic remnant of the thyroglossal duct

always near, at mdiline of neck

Question 10

Pharyngeal Arch 1

Answer 10

Nerve: Trigeminal- V2,V3

Muscles for mastication

Question 11

Pharyngeal Arch 2

Answer 11

Nerve: facial nerve

Muscles for facial expression, smile

Question 12

Pharyngeal Arch 3

Answer 12

Nerve: IX

Nerual crest cell from this produce greater horn, lower portion of body oh hyoid bone

Question 13

Pharyngeal Arch 4,6

Answer 13

Nerve: Vagus

Muscle: larynx, pharynx, palate

Question 14

Derived from the Pharyngeal Arches

(1-3)

Answer 14

1: Meckel’s cartilage, Malleus, Incus
2: Stapes, Lesser horn of hyoid bone
3: Greater horn of hyoid bone

Question 15

Skull Bone came from what?

Answer 15

Neural Crest: Frontal, sphenoid, temporal, Nasal, lacrimal, zygomatic, maxilla, incisive, mandible, hyoids

Paxial mesoderm: Parietal, post of temporal, occipitals

Lateral plate mesoderm: laryngeals

Question 16

Treacher Collins Syndrome

Answer 16

1st arch is altered-AD, small zygomatic, mandible, malformed ears

Question 17

Robin Sequence

Answer 17

1st arch altered: Triad of…

micrognathia (small mandible), cleft palate, glossopotosis (posteriorly placed tongue)

Question 18

DiGeorge Syndrome

Answer 18

3rd, 4th pouch affected:

partial, complete absence of thymus, parathyroid gland

and craniofacial defects

Question 19

Goldenger Syndrome

Answer 19

1st, 2nd arch malformation- craniofacial abnormalities and vertebral defects

Question 20

Tongue formation

Answer 20

starts in 4th week, 1-4 arches

has tuberculum impar which is transitory

Question 21

Face formation

Answer 21

start at end of 4th week- w/ frontonasal prominence, stomodeum, maxillary swelling, mandibular swelling

Question 22

Philtrum of upper lip from…?

Answer 22

(the middle part of the upper lip) developed from the intermaxillary process

Question 23

Nasolacrimal duct and sac from…?

Answer 23

nasolacrimal groove develops b/w maxillary and lateral nasal prominences

Question 24

Intermaxillay segement gives rise too…?

Answer 24

Philtrum of upper lip

median part of maxillary bone- w/ its 4 incisors

triangular primary palate

Question 25

Maxillary Shelves gives rise too...?

Answer 25

Secondary palate

Question 26

Unilateral cleft lip is from...?

Answer 26

failure of the maxillary and lateral nasal prominence to merge