Lecture 6 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Define critical thinking.
Critical thinking is the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue to form a judgment.
Why is critical thinking essential in research?
It helps distinguish correlation from causation, identify bias, assess methodology, and form informed judgments.
Why is critical thinking important in daily life?
It helps evaluate information, resist misinformation, and make evidence-based decisions.
What are some factors that can influence critical thinking in research?
Bias, study design, sample size, data collection methods, statistical analysis, and author conclusions.
What about in the real world?
Media bias, emotional appeal, misinformation, social media influence, personal bias, and source credibility.
List negative emotional influences on critical thinking.
Confirmation bias, affect heuristic, emotional reasoning, groupthink, cognitive dissonance, stress, fatigue.
List positive emotional influences on critical thinking.
Motivation, intuition, empathy, and alignment with personal values.
How can we manage emotions in critical thinking?
Through self-awareness, emotional regulation, separating feelings from facts, and seeking diverse perspectives.
How does critical thinking support creativity?
Helps define problems, refine ideas, assess risks, and select viable options.
How does creativity support critical thinking?
Offers new perspectives, encourages innovation, and aids complex problem-solving.
Define intellectual humility.
Awareness of the limits of one’s knowledge and openness to being wrong.
List key traits of intellectual humility.
Openness to new ideas, recognition of fallibility, willingness to learn, respect for others, curiosity.
Why is asking questions important?
It drives inquiry, challenges assumptions, and deepens understanding.
What are the types of questions?
Clarifying, probing, hypothetical, evaluative.
What should we question?
Assumptions, authority, our own thinking, and widely accepted claims.
Name practical strategies to improve critical thinking.
Ask questions, be curious, seek diverse perspectives, reflect on your thinking, practice regularly.
What is metacognition and why is it important?
Thinking about your own thinking; helps identify and correct biases.
What should you consider when evaluating research?
Source credibility, study design, sample size, data collection, statistical validity, and author conclusions.
What should you consider when reading social media or news?
Source reliability, evidence backing claims, emotional language, sensationalism, and consistency across sources.
