Lecture 6 - Adipose Tissue Flashcards
where are the 5 places that fat is stored?
- subcutaneous tissue
- omentum
- mesenteries
- breast
- bone marrow
def: loose CT in which adipocytes predominate
adipose tissue
besides serving as storage deposits for triglycerides, what is the other function of adipocytes?
they are key regulators of the body’s overall energy metabolism, they respond to neural and hormonal stimuli and release hormones, cytokines and other products
what inflammatory response can fat cause?
can secrete cytokines since they are a crucial endocrine organ
what type of fat predominates in adults?
white adipose tissue (WAT)
def: contains a single, central vacuole of lipid, unilocular, appear empty in section, nucleus is compressed and displaced to one side of the cell
white adipose tissue
obese/diabetic individuals have a ________ proportion of large adipocytes
larger
what happens to adipocytes with fasting and re-feeding?
mesenteric white adipose tissue shrinks in size during fasting and when re-feeding occurs, they do not return to the same size afterwards
def: abundant in newborns and hibernating animals but less abundant in adults, specialized for temperature regulation, multilocular
brown adipose tissue
def: large, central nuclei, dense packing of mitochondria, stored lipid in relatively small droplets, intimate relationship between adipocytes and capillaries
brown adipose tissue
how does brown fat burn energy and produce heat?
mitochondria uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)
def: responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis in BAT
mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)
what is beige fat?
some white fat, some brown fat
where is brown fat in newborns found?
- interscapular
- peri-renal
where is brown fat in adults stored?
- cervical
- supraclavicular
- axillary
- periaortic
- paravertebral
- suprarenal
