Lecture 6 - Cerebral Vasculature

Question 1

Go to the last slide and label all of the arteries:

Answer 1

1 = Basilar artery
2 = Vertebral artery
3 = Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)
4 = Anterior Spinal Artery
5 = Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA)
6 = Pontine artery
7 = Superior Cerebellar Artery
8 = Posterior Cerebral Artery
9 = Posterior Communicating Artery
10 = Middle Cerebral Artery (continuation of the ICA)
11 = Anterior Cerberal Artery
12 = Anterior Communicating Artery

Question 2

What are the 2 main blood vessels that supply the brain with blood?

Answer 2

Anterior circulation from Internal Carotid Arteries

Posterior circulation from vertebral arteries

Question 3

What part of the brain does the anterior brain circulation (ICA) supply?

Answer 3

Most of the cerebral hemispheres

Question 4

What part of the brain does the posterior circulation supply (vertebral vessels)?

Answer 4

Brainstem
Cerebellum
Some temporal and occipital lobe

Question 5

What are the 2main arteries of the anterior circulation?

Answer 5

Middle cerberal artery
Anterior cerberal artery

Question 6

How does the middle cerebral artery travel?

Answer 6

Emerges laterally inferiorly and superiolry to the lateral/sylvian fissure

Question 7

What part of the brain does the middle cerebral artery supply thinking about how it travels?

Answer 7

Travels along sylvian/lateral fissure supplying the majority of the LATERAL aspect of the cortex including the lateal parts of the parietal, frontal and SUPERIOR temporal lobe

Question 8

What is the name of the arteries that branch off the middle cerebral arteries and travel to the internal capsule?

Answer 8

Lenticulostriate arteries

Also supplies lentiform nucleus and caudate

Question 9

What arteries are most commonly occluded in a stroke?
What is this called?

Answer 9

Lenticulostriate arteries

Lacunar stroke

Question 10

How does the anterior cerebral artery run/what part of the brain does it supply generally?

Answer 10

Runs in the midline supplying the MIDLINE structures

Question 11

What parts of the brain does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

Answer 11

Corpus callosum
Medial aspect of frontal lobe
Medial aspect of parietal lobe

Question 12

Where is the deficit likely to be experienced in an anterior cerebral artery occlusion?

Answer 12

Lower limb since lower limbs are represented medially on the homunculus

And the anterior cerebral artery supplies the midline of the brain

Question 13

What cerebral artery is most at risk of compression in a subfalcine herniation?

Answer 13

Calcarine sulcus pushed into the flax cerebra can compress the ANTERIOR Cerebral Artery

Question 14

What artery if occluded would put the primary motor and sensory cortex at risk?

Answer 14

Middle cerbral artery since it covers the central gurus

Question 15

What artery if occluded can lead to both superior and inferior optic radiations being damaged?

Answer 15

Middle cerebral artery

Question 16

What forms the basilar artery?

Answer 16

Confluence of the vertebral arteries

Question 17

What is formed from the bifurcation of the basilar artery?

Answer 17

Posterior Cerebral Artery

Question 18

What does the posterior cerebral artery supply?

Answer 18

Occipital lobe
Inferior temporal lobe
Thalamus
MIDBRAIN en passant

Question 19

What connects the posterior cerebral artery to the middle cerebral artery?

Answer 19

Posterior communicating artery

Question 20

What does the superior Cerebellar artery supply?

Answer 20

Superior aspect of cerebellum and midbrain en passant

Question 21

What do the pontine arteries supply?

Answer 21

Pons including ht descending corticospinal fibres

Question 22

What does the anterior inferior Cerebellar artery supply?

Answer 22

Anteroinferior aspect of the cerebellum and lateral pons en passant

Question 23

How does the posterior cerebral artery run?

Answer 23

Loops around the midbrain running along the inferior surface of posterior hemisphere

Question 24

What are the 2 main arteries supplying the midbrain?

Answer 24

Posterior cerebral artery
Superior Cerebellar artery

Question 25

What disease can be caused by the pontine arteries being occluded and why?

Answer 25

Locked in syndrome Corticospinal tract supplied by the pontine arteries Eye moment is sparred since midbrain blood supply is fine

Question 26

What are the 2 main branches of the vertebral arteries that supply the brain?

Answer 26

Anterior spinal arteries Posterior inferior Cerebellar arteries

Question 27

What does the posterior inferior Cerebellar arteries supply?

Answer 27

Postero-inferior aspect of the cerebellum en passant

Question 28

What part of the spinal cord does the anterior spinal artery supply?

Answer 28

Anterior 2/3s of spinal cord Grey matter of ventral horns, cortical spinal tract and spinothalamic tract

Question 29

What part of the spinal cord does the posterior spinal artery supply?

Answer 29

Dorsal column and most of teh dorsal horns

Question 30

What artery do the thalmoperforator and thalmogeniculate arteries come from to supply the thalamus?

Answer 30

Posterior Cerebral Artery