Lecture 6 Disturbances in regulatory function Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 6 Disturbances in regulatory function Deck (16)
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1
Q

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

A

The primary form of diabetes in children; autoimmune in nature. ICA (Islet Cell Antibodies) - will be elevated, present in 70-85% of cases.
Environmental triggers: viral.
No insulin production.

2
Q

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

A

Environmental triggers: Overweight/obesity.

Insulin resistance.

3
Q

Treatment goals for diabetes

A

Achieve as near normal blood glucose level
While establishing and maintaining a diet sufficient for
healthy growth and development.

4
Q

HBA1C goals

A

Toddlers and preschool: Below 8.5%
School age: Below 8%
Adolescents: Below 7.5%

5
Q

Insulin to use in IV drips

A

Regular only

6
Q

Insulin to use in an insulin pump

A

Rapid acting

7
Q

First signs usually observed in ICP in infants

A

Irritability and poor feeding.

8
Q

Cushing’s triad (late sign of ICP)

A

bradycardia, elevated BP, and abnormal respirations

9
Q

Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt is used to treat _

A

Hydrocephalus

10
Q

Children who have a VP shunt must go to the emergency room immediately for _

A

Any sign of an infection or any sign of ICP.

11
Q

Spina bifida

A

Failure of Neural Tube to close during the 3rd and 4th week of gestation
Possible Contributing Factors: Maternal Malnutrition; Drugs (Valproic Acid); Radiation; Chemical Exposure; Genetic Mutation Involving Folate Pathways.
Surgery within 24 hours of birth

12
Q

Myelomeningocele

A

when both CSF and part of the spinal chord protrude through the opening in the vertebrae

13
Q

Spina bifida may be indicated prenatally by elevated _

A

Serum alpha fetaprotein.

14
Q

The major complication after spina bifida is _

A

Neurogenic bladder (child will need in and out catheterization)

15
Q

The CDC affirms that 50-70% of NTD
Can be avoided
By _

A

Giving Folic Acid 0.4mg/day

To all women of childbearing years.

16
Q

Meningitis

A

Irritability
Poor feeding
Non-blanching petichiae Start on Trunk (late)
High fever