Lecture 6- Emotion Development Flashcards
(36 cards)
What are the 4 main components emotional development?
Physiological factors
Subjective feelings
Cognitions and Perceptions
Expressive Behaviour
What are action tendencies?
Specific sets of things we associate with specific behaviours
What are the action tendencies for disgust?
Active rejection of the thing causing disgust
What are the action tendencies for fear?
Flight or withdrawal
What are the action tendencies for Anger?
Forward movement, eliminating obstacles to our goal
What are the action tendencies for sadness?
Withdrawal and avoiding others
What are the action tendencies for guilt?
Movement to making amends with/informing others and punishing oneself
How can parents be misinformed about recognising emotions in their children?
Parents assume they see many emotions in their baby from early on due to observation of facial expressions, but this can be very subjective and parents are often hyper focused on the child.
What is the first sign of positive emotion in infants? How may this be misleading?
Smiles are the first sign of positive emotion in infants. However, during the first month this is actually just a reflex experienced during rem sleep
When do infants begin to smile at external stimuli?
Between the third and eighth.
When do social smiles occur in infants?
By 3 months, meaning these smiles only occur only due to social interaction
Why is it hard to recognise emotions in infants?
we can often detect distress, but this is often just pain or hunger. It is often quite hard to pinpoint the cause as infants often seem to experience distress in incongruent situations
When do infants FIRST develop wariness of unfamiliar objects?
At 4 months (though this does not yet extend to people)
When can we first detect signs of fear?
6-7 months, most likely as the infant has learnt that strangers do not bring the comfort that familiar individuals do
When does fear of intense stimuli develop? Why?
At 7 months. This is an adaptation as the child is not yet fully mobile, so can not protect themselves, so need their caregiver’s help
When do children first experience observable anger?
By their first birthday
How does expression of anger develop over time?
Toddlers are more likely to show anger at 18 months than 36 months. This is likely due to learned language skills and self regulation
When can babies start to distinguish between facial expressions?
AT 3 months, the baby can distinguish between happy, surprised and angry faces (Grossman 2010). By 7 months, we can also recognise interest in faces
What are self-conscious emotions?
guilt, pride, shame and embarrassment. They are developed later than other emotions as they rely on an awareness of how others react to your actions
What is the difference between guilt and shame?
Shame is more focused on oneself, feeling exposed and wanting to hide, while guilt is based on remorse and regret.
For instance, after breaking a toy, guilty behaviours would be telling your parents you broke the toy, shameful behaviours would be hiding.
How did Darwin argue that emotions are innate?
Darwin argued that facial expressions for basic emotions are innate.
What is discrete emotions theory?
It argues that emotions are packaged with a set of facial and bodily expressions, behaviours and physiological responses to help us recognise emotions early on in life.
What is one behaviour that disgust is characterised by?
Crinkling noses. This can be linked to disgust often occurring around contaminants, so we wrinkle are nose/eyes to stop germs from coming in.
What is a brief outline of the three model system?
Suggests there are three basic affect systems that undergo developmental changes as we develop, i.e. fear is originally loud sounds and then becomes separation anxiety. These three systems are- Joy/pleasure Anger/Frustration Wariness/Fear
