Lecture 6- pharmacotherapeutics

Question 1

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors are used to treat depression and they cause …., …., and …. to remain active for longer

Answer 1

epi, norepi, dopamine

Question 2

norepi, epi and dopamine are normally destroyed by the enzyme…

Answer 2

monoamine oxidase

Question 3

taking a MAO inhibitor couples with red wine or cheese could cause

Answer 3

a hypertensive crisis (because of increase in norepi release)

Question 4

… is responsible for metabolism of 60% of all drugs. Grapefruit juice reduces expression of this enzyme.

Answer 4

CYP3A4

Question 5

there is a significant effect on the …. of a drug if the patient is taking antibiotics

Answer 5

pharmacokinetics

Question 6

… tolerance is when the effective drug concentration is diminished

Answer 6

pharmacokinetic

Question 7

… tolerance is when the response is diminished

Answer 7

pharmacodynamic

Question 8

…. is a special kind of tolerance and it is a rapid loss of response after drug administration

Answer 8

tachyphylaxis

Question 9

tyramine causes increased …. by promoting the release of …

tachyphylaxis develops because ….

Answer 9

HR and BP
norepi

norepi stores are depleted

Question 10

pharmacodynamic tolerance is commonly observed with ….

Answer 10

CNS drugs (alter mood or thought, exampls: barbituates, caffeine, nicotine, morphine)

Question 11

… inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K dependent factors (2,7,9 and 10) and the anticoagulant proteins C and S

Answer 11

warfarin

Question 12

2 common allergenic drugs

Answer 12

PCNs
sulfonamides

(5% of the population)

Question 13

it is common for drugs that are … to become allergenic

it is common for … drugs to become allergenic after conjugation to a protein

Answer 13

proteins

small

Question 14

T/F antigenic potential of drugs vary

Answer 14

true. vary enormously.

Question 15

T/F chemical changes (from heat or sunlight) can render a drug allergenic on the shelf

Answer 15

true

Question 16

mediator of type 1 hypersensitivity rxn?

Answer 16

IgE

Question 17

type …. hypersensitivity is an anaphylactic response and occurs within minutes to hours

Answer 17

1

Question 18

mediator of type 2 hypersensitivity?

Answer 18

IgG, IgM

Question 19

type … hypersensitivity is a cytotoxic response and occurs within several hours to days

Answer 19

2

Question 20

type … hypersensitivity is an immune complex reaction

Answer 20

3

Question 21

type … hypersensitivity is a cell-mediated immunity (T cell) and it has a delayed response and is usually localized

Answer 21

4

Question 22

a drug that is category …. has positive evidence that human fetal risks exist, benefit of drug MAY warrant use in a pregnant woman

Answer 22

D

Question 23

a drug that is category … has shown fetal abnormalities in humans or animals in studies. the potential risk outweighs the benefit

Answer 23

X

Question 24

a drug that is category …. has shown no risk in the 1st trimester in studies and no evidence of problems later. safest for pregnancy

Answer 24

A

Question 25

a drug that is category .... has shown adverse effects on fetus in animal studies

Answer 25

B

Question 26

a drug that is category ... has no adequate human studies and animal studies are either lacking or have shown adverse effects on fetus. benefit of drug MAY warrant use in pregnant women

Answer 26

C

Question 27

sodium fluoride and levothyroxine are category

Answer 27

A

Question 28

amoxicillin, erythromycin, lidocaine are category

Answer 28

B

Question 29

atropine, topical hydrocortisone and morphine are category

Answer 29

C

Question 30

systemic hydrocortisone and pentobarbital are category

Answer 30

D

Question 31

estradiol, triazolam and warfarin are category

Answer 31

X