Lecture 6: Temperature.

Question 1

What is a Microclimate?

Answer 1

Going into the shade on a hot day.

Climate altered by environment.

Question 2

What is a Macro climate?

Answer 2

Local weather, patterns, historical climates

Question 3

What is the Microclimate?

Answer 3

Macroclimate + enviorment = Microclmiate

Question 4

What are Northen Aspects?

Answer 4

Face north, shaded in northern hemisphere

Question 5

What are southern aspects

Answer 5

Face south, shaded in the southern hemisphere.

Question 6

True or false?

Landscape influences microclimate in the form of Altitude and aspects

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or false:

Vegetation has no effect on Microclimate

Answer 7

False

Question 8

True or false:

Surface color has large impacts on microclimate

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Darker colors absorb more light making them….

Answer 9

Warmer

Question 10

Light colours reflect more light making them….

Answer 10

Cooler

Question 11

What is Albedo?

Answer 11

The reflective of a landscape

Question 12

True or false:

Boulders and burrow make large impacts on microclimate

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What is the role of under rocks in microclimate?

Answer 13

Warmer than surroundings

Question 14

What is the role of burrows in the microclimate?

Answer 14

More moderate (stable) than surroundings.

Question 15

True or false:

Water temperatures in marine/aquatic ecosystems fluctuate much less than air temperature on land.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What is the role in specific heat capasity in the aquatic ecosystem?

Answer 16

Water is great at absorbing heat energy without changing temperature

Question 17

What is the role of Latent heat of vaporization in the aquatic ecosystem?

Answer 17

Heat is absorbed by water as it evaporates

Question 18

What is the role of Latent heat of fusion in the aquatic ecosystem?

Answer 18

Water gives up heat energy as it freezes.

Question 19

What effect dose temperature have in Photosynthetic rate?

Answer 19

extreme Temp’s (very hot & very cold) usually reduces photosynthetic rate .

Dependent on the plant spceices

Question 20

What is the principle of Allocation?

Answer 20

• The amount of energy available to each organism is limited
• When energy is allocated to one function, it reduces the energy available for other functions
• Too energetically costly to have anatomical, physiological, and behavioral traits requires to live in all environments

Question 21

What dose the principle of allocation have to do with evolutionary trade off’s?

Answer 21

Adapting to one set f environmental conditions generally reduce fitness in other environments or conditions

Question 22

What is the range of tolerance & performance?

Answer 22

Organisms perform best within a narrow range of conditions

the result of how an organism has allocated energy to thrive in a cretin environment

Question 23

What happens when an organism is in less than optional conditions?

Answer 23

they can:

1. die
2. Migrate
3. Acclimate
4. Adapt

Question 24

What is Acclimation?

Answer 24

Physiological changes in response to changes in the environmental (Temp, Ph, Humidity). Generally reversible as conditions change

• temporary

Question 25

What is adaptation?

Answer 25

An evolutionary process that changes anatomy, physiology, or behavior on a genetic level. Not reversible - permanent

Question 26

True or false: it is of the upmost importance for an organism to balance their heat loss and heat gain

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the equation for total heat stored?

Answer 27

Hs = Hm +/- Hcd +/- Hcv +/- Hr – He

Question 28

What is Hs?

Answer 28

Total heat stored

Question 29

What is Hm?

Answer 29

Metabolic heat

Question 30

What is Hcd?

Answer 30

conduction

Question 31

What is Hcv?

Answer 31

convction

Question 32

What is Hr?

Answer 32

Radiation

Question 33

What is He?

Answer 33

Evaporation

Question 34

What is a Poikilotherm?

Answer 34

Body temperature varies with environment

Question 35

What is a Homeotherm?

Answer 35

Body Temperature relatively constant regardless of environment.

Question 36

What are Ectotherms?

Answer 36

Control body temperature using external energy.

Question 37

What are Endotherms?

Answer 37

Control body temperature using internal energy.

Question 38

Why would an animal want to be a endotherm?

Answer 38

Allows organisms to live in environments in which the average temperature is lower than their body temperature.

Question 39

What is the general rule of ectotherms?

Answer 39

Cold? Go into the sun Warm? get out of the sun.

Question 40

What is the heat balance of arctic plants?

Answer 40

Decrease convective cooling (Hcv) Increase recitative heating (Hr)

Question 41

What is the heat balance of desert plants?

Answer 41

Decrease conductive heating (Hcd) | Decrease radative heating (Hr)

Question 42

What is the internal body temp of humans?

Answer 42

37.5 C

Question 43

How do endotherms maintain body temp?

Answer 43

They regulate their metabolic rate to control body heat.

Question 44

How do ectotherms maintain body heat?

Answer 44

Primarily through behavioral adaptations as well as some physiological changes (frozen phrogs) Hcd Hcv Hr

Question 45

Its not the heat that kills you, it is....

Answer 45

Dehydration. Increases in temperature outside of an organism tolerance will lead to increased water loss and further death.