Lecture 7

Question 1

PNS includes ____ pairs of cranial nerves and ____ pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 1

12, 31

Question 2

Afferent nerves are _____ nerves and carry impulses _____ the Central Nervous System

Answer 2

Sensory, toward

Question 3

Efferent nerves are _____ nerves and carry impulses ______ the Central Nervous System

Answer 3

motor, away from

Question 4

Sensory Cranial Nerves Include:

Answer 4

I, II, VIII

Question 5

Motor Cranial Nerves Include

Answer 5

III,IV, VI, XI, XII

Question 6

Mixed Cranial Nerves Include:

Answer 6

V, VII, IX, X

Question 7

There are ___ cervical spinal nerves.

Answer 7

8

Question 8

There are ___ thoracic spinal nerves

Answer 8

12

Question 9

There are ____ lumbar spinal nerves

Answer 9

5

Question 10

There are ___ sacral spinal nerves

Answer 10

5

Question 11

There are ____ coxygial spinal nerves

Answer 11

1

Question 12

All spinal nerves are classified as ____.

Answer 12

mixed.

Question 13

The part of the nervous system which contains perception and voluntary control is the ______ _______ ______.

Answer 13

Somatic Nervous System

Question 14

The part of the nervous system which contains the functions we can’t perceive or control is the ______ ______ _______.

Answer 14

autonomic nervous system

Question 15

Somatic Motor System is impulses delivered to ______ ______ from ___.

Answer 15

Skeletal Muscle, CNS

Question 16

_________ carry impulses regarding pressure, chemical and osmolarity changes to the CNS.

Answer 16

Visceral Motor and Sensory Systems

Question 17

Grey matter is located in the ______ and _____ of the spinal cord.

Answer 17

Anterior and Posterior horns

Question 18

White Matter is located in the ____ of the spinal cord.

Answer 18

posterior

Question 19

Neuron cell bodies (Nissle Cells) only live in the ____ ____ of the spinal cord

Answer 19

Grey Matter

Question 20

_________ project through the dorsal root through the posterior horn of grey matter.

Answer 20

Afferent Neurons (sensory neurons)

Question 21

Afferent Neurons (sensory neurons) project through the ____ _____ of the spinal cord.

Answer 21

Posterior horn via the dorsal root

Question 22

The alpha motor neuron (or lower or efferent) is located the the ____ ____ of grey matter in the spinal cord.

Answer 22

anterior horn

Question 23

The alpha motor neurons go out to the skeletal muscle and specifically synapse with ________.

Answer 23

extrafusal fibers.

Question 24

The actual contractile fibers located in skeletal muscle are _____ ____.

Answer 24

Extrafusal fibers

Question 25

Gamma Motor Neurons are located in the ____ ____.

Answer 25

Anterior horn

Question 26

Gama motor neurons synapse with ____ ____ or the ____ _____.

Answer 26

Intrafusal fibers, muscle spindles

Question 27

The posterior root of the spinal nerve is purely ______.

Answer 27

Sensory

Question 28

The _____ ___ of a spinal nerve is purely motor.

Answer 28

Anterior

Question 29

If the posterior root of a spinal nerve is transected, loss of ______ will occur.

Answer 29

sensation (anesthesia)

Question 30

If the anterior root of a spinal nerve is transected, loss of ______ will occur.

Answer 30

muscle contraction (paralysis)

Question 31

The time between stimulation and effect is called:

Answer 31

Synaptic delay

Question 32

T/F? All reflex arcs are relayed to the brain but not necessary for a reflex to occur.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Brain can ____ or _____ a reflex from occurring.

Answer 33

slow or inhibit

Question 34

Motor response is on same side as sensory input:

Answer 34

Ipsilateral (eg: Myotatic reflex, simple withdraw reflex)

Question 35

Motor Response is on opposite side as sensory input:

Answer 35

contralateral

Question 36

All reflexes are excitatory T/F

Answer 36

False. Some are inhibitory

Question 37

Some reflexes will inhibit a flexor and simultaneously excite the opposing extensor

Answer 37

Reciprocal innervation or reciprocal inhibition

Question 38

Constant state of readiness in a muscle

Answer 38

Tonus

Question 39

______ reflex creates muscle tone to inhibit joint dislocation.

Answer 39

Myotatic Reflex

Question 40

Increase in tone:

Answer 40

Spastic

Question 41

Decrease in tone:

Answer 41

Flaccid

Question 42

When gamma motor neurons are positively stimulated, the muscle tissue _______.

Answer 42

Contracts

Question 43

___________ control the muscle spindle by determining how far away or how close the stretch zone is to threshold potential.

Answer 43

Gamma Motor Neurons

Question 44

_______ fibers detects muscle stretch

Answer 44

Intrafusal fibers