lecture 7, 8,: tissues Flashcards
(20 cards)
Histology
study of tissue
What type of stain is used to see tissue better? What do they bind to? What do each stain?
Hemetoxylin and Eosin (H&E)
H:
binds to (-) charged olecules
stains DNA & RNA
E:
binds to (+) charged molecules
stains (+) charged amino acids of protein
List the 4 major types of tissue:
epithelial
nervous
muscle
connective
Describe the structural characteristics common to all types of epithelia:
include:
cellularity
polarity
attachment
vascularity
regeneration
What are the different cell to cell junctions?
Tight junction
Anchoring
Gap
What is the function of a tight junction?
- prevents diffusion
- fuses the outer layers of two plasma membranes
What is the function of a gap junction?
- permits diffusion
What are the two different types of anchor junctions? What are their functions
desmosomes:
ties two cells together
hemidesmosomes:
attaches cell to basement membrane
What are the different shapes and sizes of epithelial tissue?
size:
simple
stratified
pseudostratified
shape:
squamous
cuboidal
columnar
What is the size difference between squamous, cuboidal, and columnar?
squamous: width > height
cuboidal: width ≈ height
columnar: height > weight
What is transitional epithelial?
stretches when organs expand and protects organs
Exocrine vs Endocrine secretion
exo:
secretions produced by epithelia
through ducts
onto epithelial surfaces
endo:
secrete hormones
no ducts
into bloodstream/interstitial fluid
What are the 4 types of gland secretions?
serous glands
- water, serous solutions, protein rich
mucous glands
- thick, viscous, carb rich
- gel like mucin glycoproteins
sebaceous glands:
sebum - oily, waxy secretions
mixed glands:
both serous & mucous
What are the different “modes” of glandular secretion?
merocrine
apocrine
holocrine
How does merocrine secretion work?
- enclosed in vesicles
- move up to apex
- contents released via exocytosis
- no damage to cell
How does apocrine secretion work?
same as merocrine EXCEPT:
the top part of the cell pinches off, becoming the secretion
* minimum dammage to cell
How does holocrine secretion work
- cells @ basment membrane grow & divide
- push cell layers to apex
- cells @ apex die & release secretions
* max damage to cell
What are the 3 simple tubular glands
simple tubular
simple coiled tubular
simple branched tubular
What are the 2 alveolar glands?
simple alveolar
simple branched alveolar
,What are the 3 compound glands?
compound tubular
compound alveolar
compound tubuloalveolar
