Lecture 7 - Female genital system - external structures

Question 1

Female External Genitalia/Vulva is located in the

Answer 1

urogenital triangle in the perineum.

Question 2

the female external genitalia:

Answer 2

mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris,
vestibulum of the vagina, the bulbs of the vestibule, greater vestibular glands.

Question 3

Pudendum

Answer 3

clinically used word.

Question 4

Female External Genitalia/Vulva function

Answer 4

• as sensory and erectile tissue for sexual arousal and intercourse.
• to direct the flow of urine.
• to prevent entry of foreign material into the urogenital tract.

Question 5

Mons pubis

Answer 5

• Eminence anterior to pubic symphysis.
• Contains adipose tissue, covered by pubic hair after puberty.
• Continuous with the anterior abdominal wall.

Question 6

Labia majora

Answer 6

• Prominent folds of skin.
• External parts covered by pubic hair after puberty.

Question 7

The labia majora passes

Answer 7

inferoposteriorly from the mons pubis towards anus.

Question 8

What ligament terminates in the labia majora?

Answer 8

Round ligament terminates here

Question 9

The labia majora joins structures anteriorly and posteriorly:

Answer 9

• Join anteriorly to form the anterior commissure.
• Join posteriorly: posterior commissure (disappears after giving birth).

Question 10

Question 11

Pudendal cleft

Answer 11

• Area between the labia majora.
• Contain the labia minora and vestibule.

Question 12

Labia minora

Answer 12

• Inner folds of hairless skin.

Question 13

labia minora fucntion

Answer 13

• Surround the vestibule:
  opening into which the external urethral & vaginal orifices open.

Question 14

Labia minora contains

Answer 14

Spongy connective tissue with erectile tissue at their base, many blood vessels.

Question 15

The labia minora unites anteriorly to form

Answer 15

he frenulum of the clitoris and the prepuce (foreskin) of the clitoris.

Question 16

The labia minora is connected posteriorly by

Answer 16

frenulum of labia minora (fourchette).
* May disappear when becoming sexually active.

Question 17

Question 18

Clitoris is located

Answer 18

where labia minora meet anteriorly.

Question 19

Clitoris function

Answer 19

• Sexual arousal: composed of erectile tissue.

Question 20

Clitoris consists of

Answer 20

➢Body: composed of two crura (attached to the inferior pubic ramis & perineal membrane) & two corpora cavernosa: covered by the prepuce.
➢Glans: most innervated part, dense supply of sensory endings.

Question 21

Question 22

Vestibule of vagina is the

Answer 22

Space between labia minora.

Question 23

Vestibule of vagina contains the

Answer 23

orifices of the urethra and vagina.

Question 24

External urethral orifice:

Answer 24

located 2-3 cm postero- inferior to the glans clitoris and anterior to the vaginal orifice.

Question 25

Ducts of lesser vestibular glands

Answer 25

(also called Skene’s glands/para-urethral glands) open on each side of the external urethral orifice.

Question 26

vestibular glands Function:

Answer 26

Secretes mucous: moisten labia and vestibule.

Question 27

Ducts of the greater vestibular glands are located on

Answer 27

medial aspects of labia minora.

Question 28

Hymen may be present covering the vaginal orifice:

Answer 28

➢ Thin fold of mucous membrane. ➢ Ruptures during sexual intercourse: remnants are called hymenal caruncles. ➢ Demarcate the vagina from the vestibule.

Question 29

Bulbs of vestibule

Answer 29

Paired erectile tissue on either side of vaginal orifice.

Question 30

Bulbs of vestibule are found

Answer 30

Deep to the labia minora, immediately inferior to the perineal membrane.

Question 31

Bulbs of vestibule are covered by

Answer 31

the bulbospongiosus muscles.

Question 32

Bulbs of vestibule are homologous with the bulb of the penis

Question 33

connect the anterior ends of the bulbs of the vestibule to the glans clitoris.

Answer 33

Small bands of erectile tissue

Question 34

Greater vestibular glands (Bartholin glands) is located

Answer 34

in the superficial perineal pouch/space. Lie on either side of the vestibule, posterolateral to the vaginal orifice and inferior to the perineal membrane.

Question 35

Greater vestibular glands (Bartholin glands) is partly covered by

Answer 35

the bulb of the vestibule and the bulbospongiosus muscle.

Question 36

Greater vestibular glands (Bartholin glands) open into the

Answer 36

vestibule on each side of the vaginal orifice.

Question 37

Greater vestibular glands (Bartholin glands) function

Answer 37

Secrete mucous into the vestibule during sexual arousal.

Question 38

Question 39

Question 40

Question 41

Main arterial supply to the pudendum is the

Answer 41

internal pudendal artery.

Question 42

What is found within the pudendal canal

Answer 42

Internal pudendal artery, vein and pudendal nerve run within the pudendal canal

Question 43

What is the pudendal canal

Answer 43

Horizontal passageway within the obturator fascia covering the medial aspect of obturator internus muscle.

Question 44

Neurovascular bundle enters the pudendal canal at

Answer 44

the lesser sciatic notch, inferior to the ischial spine.

Question 45

Neurovascular bundle enters the pudendal canal at the lesser sciatic notch, inferior to the ischial spine. This then gives off

Answer 45

the inferior rectal artery and nerve: passes medially to supply external anal sphincter and surrounding skin.

Question 46

Towards distal end of the pudendal canal

Answer 46

artery & nerve bifurcates: perineal nerve & artery – distributed to the superficial pouch; & dorsal artery and nerve of clitoris –runs in deep pouch (superior to perineal membrane).

Question 47

At dorsum of clitoris:

Answer 47

The pudendal nerve runs on lateral side on the continuation of the internal pudendal artery.

Question 48

Question 49