Lecture 7 : Introduction To Philosphy Of Religion Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is Agnosticism?
The claim that we cannot know whether God exists or not due to lack of evidence.
(Finn et al. 2012: 58)
What is Atheism?
The claim that God does not exist.
(Finn et al. 2012: 58)
What is the Cosmological argument?
An argument that attempts to prove that God exists from an alleged fact (or facts) about the world.
Focus falls on ideas surrounding ‘causation,’ ‘change,’ ‘motion,’ etc. (Finn et al. 2012: 58)
What is the Design argument?
An argument that attempts to prove that God exists from the perceived order or purpose in nature.
(Finn et al. 2012: 58)
What is Evidentialism?
The claim that objective evidence is required to support one’s belief in God.
(Finn et al. 2012: 58)
What is Fideism?
The claim that faith alone justifies one’s belief in God.
(Finn et al. 2012: 58)
What is Monotheism?
The belief that only one God exists.
(Finn et al. 2012: 58)
What is Nonevidentialism?
The claim that our fundamental beliefs about life do not require rational justification.
(Finn et al. 2012: 59)
What is the Ontological argument?
An argument that attempts to prove that God exists by use of intuition and reason alone, without relying on any type of empirical evidence.
(Finn et al. 2012: 59)
What is Pantheism?
The belief that God is identical with nature.
(Finn et al. 2012: 59)
What is Polytheism?
The belief that many gods exist.
(Finn et al. 2012: 59)
What is the Problem of evil?
The problem of trying to explain why God, who is believed to be omnipotent and all powerful, would allow evil to exist.
(Finn et al. 2012: 59)
What is Theism?
The claim that at least one deity exists.
(Finn et al. 2012: 59)
What is Theodicy?
An attempt to explain why God would allow evil to exist.
(Finn et al. 2012: 59)
Fill in the blank: The belief that God is identical with _______ is known as Pantheism.
nature
True or False: Atheism asserts that God exists.
False
Fill in the blank: The _______ argument attempts to prove that God exists by use of intuition and reason alone.
Ontological
What might a philosopher argue regarding a loving God and the existence of evil?
Even one single example of evil unsettles the concept of an all-loving, all-powerful God.
What might a religious person argue about the existence of evil?
Evil occurs because a person needs hardship to learn about themselves and life.
If all things come from God, what might be a philosopher’s objection regarding good and evil?
God is simultaneously good and evil.
Discussion question: Are questions regarding religion of any real value in our lives?
