Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AT 106 > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Heat engines utilize _____ to produce the power for _____.

A

heat energy
propulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What two types of engines are heat engines?

A

Reciprocating (piston) engines
Gas turbine (jet) engines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is “work” in a piston engine?

A

Heat expands gases creating pressure against a piston in a cylinder
The piston moves down causing the crankshaft to rotate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity for doing work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Energy cannot be _____ or _____.

A

created
destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Energy can be _____ from _____ to _____.

A

transformed
one kind
another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Energy of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is potential energy?

A

Energy of position or stored energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe how potential energy changes to kinetic energy in an aircraft

A

Potential energy (stored fuel) transforms into kinetic energy (moving fuel)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_____ –> _____ –> _____ = thrust

A

Chemical energy (fuel)
Heat (combustion)
Mechanical (rotation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When a mixture of gasoline and air is ignited the _____ of the molecules _____.

A

kinetic energy
increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a normal category aircraft?

A

Used for non acrobatic operations
Lowest amount of G’s
Most restricted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a utility category aircraft?

A

Limited acrobatic operations
Median amount of G’s
Both normal and utility fit in this category

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a acrobatic category aircraft?

A

Unrestricted operations
Highest amount of G’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

For positive G loads, centrifugal force acts in the _____ as weight and makes you feel _____.

A

same direction
heavier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

For negative G loads, centrifugal force acts in the _____ as weight and makes you feel _____.

A

opposite
lighter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is load factor?

A

Ratio of the total load supported by the wing compared to the weight of the aircraft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

As you _____ the bank on the aircraft, the G force on the aircraft _____.

A

increase
increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the two kinds of stability?

A

Static stability
Dynamic stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is static stability?

A

The initial tendency of an aircraft to return to its original position when it’s disturbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is dynamic stability?

A

How an airplane responds over time to a disturbance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe positive static stability

A

When the nose pitches up, the nose lowers and returns to its original attitude immediately

23
Q

Describe neutral static stability

A

When the nose pitches up 5 degrees, and stays at 5 degrees

24
Q

Describe negative static stability

A

When the nose pitches up, and continues pitching up until stall

25
Describe positive dynamic stability
If the nose pitches up, it will go up and down until it returns to its original altitude
26
Describe neutral dynamic stability
If the nose pitches up, it will continue to go up and down steadily
27
Describe negative dynamic stability
If the nose pitches up, it will continue to go up and down with worsening pitch until it reaches stall
28
The aircraft must be stable around _____ axis.
all three
29
Dihedral contributes to _____ in the roll axis and to the restoring of _____. Wings are angled _____.
stability "wings level" up
30
Anhedral or negative dihedral can improve _____ in planes with a very low _____ due to heavy cargo.
roll rate center of gravity
31
_____ maintains yaw stability.
Vertical stabilizer
32
Explain how swept back wings increase yaw stability
The wing moving forward presents more frontal area straight into the wind, increasing lift and induced drag The wing moving backward has less frontal area and not in straight relative wind, producing less lift and less induced drag
33
What makes the airfoil on the tail of an aircraft different?
The camber is on the bottom, like an upside-down airfoil Creates lift in a downward direction High pressure above, low pressure on below
34
What is the purpose of an upside-down airfoil?
Weight wants to pull the airplane nose down, but the nose is being held up by the force down on the tail Tail makes negative lift (tail down force)
35
What is a wing flap?
A hinged, pivoted, or sliding airfoil near the trailing edge of the wing
36
What is a wing flap designed to do?
Increase lift, drag, or both Used primarily for landing Increase AOA and camber
37
What is the primary purpose of high lift devices?
Increase the maximum coefficient of lift of an airplane
38
Describe a plain flap
A simple hinge causing the entire trailing edge to droop No "slot" created
39
Which type of flap is the most effective?
Slotted
40
Describe a split flap
A flap hinges to the lower portion of the wing open, the trailing edge does not droop Used for making drag Not good at producing lift
41
Describe a slotted flap
The most effective at increasing lift A hinge moves the flap out down, leaving a gap between the wing and the flap Greatly increases lift Drag is slightly higher than a plain flap
42
Describe a fowler flap
Tucks up inside the wing and extends outward and downward, leaving a gap between wing and flap(s) The only flap that increases the wing surface area Called slotted fowler flaps when there are multiple slots
43
What do leading edge devices do?
Lowers the AOA Increases camber Makes a more rounded leading edge
44
What is aspect ratio?
Span divided by chord
45
What kind of wings have a higher aspect ratio?
Gliders (longer and thinner)
46
High aspect ratio produces less _____.
induced drag (smaller wingtip vortexes)
47
What does it mean to give a wing an "effective aspect ratio"?
To give the wing characteristics of a higher aspect ratio
48
What does an effective aspect ratio do?
Prevents the airflow from under the wing from rolling off the tip of the wing and creating a rolling vortex by making the wing seem to have a higher aspect ratio
49
What are some things that can give a wing an effective aspect ratio?
Drooped wing tips Fuel tanks Missile launchers Winglets/Sharklets Forward swept wings
50
What do winglets and sharklets do?
Reduce induced drag Taking away drag increases thrust
51
What is the difference between winglets and sharklets?
Nothing but the company that uses them (Airbus versus Boeing)
52
What are the pros of combining a taper in thickness with a taper in planform?
Maximum CL is greater They offset each other’s negative effects and both add to the maximum CL*
53
What is Mean Aerodynamic Chord?
Finds the chord length of a non-rectangular wing (Chord root + Chord tip) /2

AT 106 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions