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Neuro Test 1 > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

A first order neuron starts at the ____ and goes to the _____

A

Periphery

Brainstem/SC

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2
Q

A second order neuron starts at the ____ and goes to the _____

A

SC/Brainstem

Thalamus

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3
Q

A Third order neuron starts at the ____ and goes to the _____

A

Thalamus

Somatosensory Cortex

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4
Q

Where is the cell body of a 1st order neuron found?

A

Dorsal root ganglion

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5
Q

How are spinal tracts named?

A

Origin and end of their 2nd order neuron

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6
Q

Concious vs Divergent pathways

A

Concious- Discriminitive information (example: pin point sharp pain)

Divergent- Not discriminitive (Example: achey pain in the entire limb)

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7
Q

Nonconcious relay pathways provide ______ information to cerebellum

A

nonconcious proprioceptive information

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8
Q

The dorsal tract is considered (Concious and/or divergent)

Whereas the Anteriolateral pathway is (Concious and/or divergent)

A

Dorsal- Concious

A/L - Both

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9
Q

For crude awareness, sensory info must get to ________

For concious awareness it must get to the _________

A

Thalamus

Somatosensory cortex

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10
Q

What are the 2 concious relay pathways

A

Dorsal columns and Anteriolateral columns

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11
Q

Senses of the dorsal column?

A

Concious Proprioception, light touch

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12
Q

Senses of the anterolateral column?

A

Discriminitive pain, temperature

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13
Q

What tract handles stereognosis?

A

Dorsal column

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14
Q

The dorsal column crosses sides in the ________

A

Internal arcuate fibers in the Medulla

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15
Q

The dorsal column travels from the medulla to the thalamus as Nucleus Gracilis OR Cuneatus

Gracilis is for ____ wherewas Cuneatus is for _________

A

Gracilis - lower body sensation

Cuneatus - upper body sensation

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16
Q

The Dorsal column crosses in the _________ whereas the anteriolateral column crosses in the ___________

A

Medulla

Spinal Cord (same level it enters)

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17
Q

What is the difference between the anterior spinothalamic tract and the lateral?

A

Anterior- Crude touch

Lateral- Fast nocioception and temperature

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18
Q

True or false: The anterior and the lateral spinothalamic pathways ascend seperately in the spinal cord

A

False. they only seperate inside of the brain

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19
Q

In the anteriolateral tract, A-Delta fibers handle….

A

Fast nocioceptive sensation

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20
Q

In the anteriolateral tract, A-delta and C fibers both handle…..

A

Temperature

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21
Q

In the anteriolateral tract, C fibers handle…..

A

Crude touch

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22
Q

What is the region of the spinal cord called where the Anteriolateral tract crosses?

A

Anterior Commissure

23
Q

If someone has a lesion on the R side of their spinal cord, their sense of crude touch will be effected (Contralaterally/Ipsilaterally) whereas their sense discrimitive touch will be effected (Contralaterally/Ipsilaterally)

A

Crude touch- Contralaterally; Anterior Spinothalamic

DIscrimitive touch- Ipsilaterally

Note: this has to do with where it crosses

24
Q

If a slow nociceptive signal reaches concious awareness, it goes through what pathway?

A

Spino-emotional

25
Q

Slow medial nociceptive pathways are: (Divergent/Concious/Non-concious)

A

Divergent

26
Q

What spinal tract deals with you looking at an injury after it happens?

A

Spinomesencephalic (slow-medial nociception)

Goes to the superior colliculus and periaqueductal grey - the former deals with vision and is in the posterior midbrain while the latter deals with control pain sensations

Spinomesencephalic tract plays a role in inhibiting or controlling pain sensations

27
Q

Slow-Medial Nociception 1st order neurons are always what kind of fibers?

A

C fibers

28
Q

Slow-Medial Nociception pathways cross where?

A

Immediately in the spinal cord

29
Q

What is the only spinocerebellar tract that crosses?

A

Anterior/ventral spinocerebellar

30
Q

Where does the dorsal spinocerebellar and the cuneocerebellar tract cross?

A

They dont cross.

31
Q

Where is the clarks nucleus for 1st order neurons in the dorsal spinocerebellar tract found?

A

C8/T1-L2

Note: because this tract is only for the Lower body!

32
Q

The posterior spinocerebellar tract is for _____

whereas the cuneocerebellar tract is for ______

A

Posterior Spinocerebellar: Carrying unconscious proprioceptive information from the lower extremity and trunk

Cuneocerebellar: Carrying unconscious proprioceptive information from the upper extremity

33
Q

What spinal tracts are responsible for unconcious regulation of posture?

A

Spinocerebellar

34
Q

The dorsal spinocerebellar and the cuneocerebellar go through the _____ peduncle whereas the Anterior spinocerebellar tract goes through the _____ peduncle

A

Inferior Peduncle

Superior Peduncle

35
Q

Describe the crossing that happens at the anterior spinocerebellar tract

A

Most fibers cross twice to end up on same side, whereas some fibers go to contralateral side. Each side of brain receives fibers from BOTH sides of body to assist in coordination.

36
Q

The anterior/ventral spinocerebellar tract is for what part of your body?

A

Lower Body

37
Q

Where does the anterior/ventral spinocerebellar tract’s cross?

A

First in spinal cord immediately, then again in cerebellum

38
Q

True or false: The Rostrospinocerebellar tract crosses in the spinal cord

A

False, it does not cross!

39
Q

Where does the rostrospinocerebellar tract relay information from?

A

From cervical spinalcord + T1 to cerebellum at both inferior AND superior peduncles

40
Q

What do projection fibers connect?

A

Connect cortex with other areas of CNS

41
Q

What do association fibers connect?

A

Connect nearby parts of the brain within the same hemisphere

42
Q

What do commissural fibers connect?

A

Connect identical parts of the R and L cortex to eachother

43
Q

Motor tracts that originate in the cortex are _______ whereas if they originate in the brainstem they are __________

A

Pyramidal

Extrapyramidal

(extrapyramidal=outside cortex)

44
Q

In the cortex, Posture/gross movements synapse (medially/laterally)

Whereas fine movements synapse (medially/Laterally)

A

Gross = medially

Fine = Laterally

45
Q

The Pyramidal Corticospinal tract does what?

A

Lateral- Fractional limb movements
Medial- automatic/proximal trunk movememts

46
Q

What does the pyramidal (descending) corticobulbar tract do?

A

Motor control at the face

47
Q

What are the two extrapyramidal tracts called?

A

Reticulospinal and Vestibulospinal tract

48
Q

What does the reticulospinal tract control?

A

Posture

49
Q

What does the vestibulospinal tract control?

A

Head control

50
Q

What is the purpose of the premotor cortex?

A

Prepares for movement (especially movement that involves multiple joints)

51
Q

What is the purpose of the supplementary motor cortex?

A

Active prior to initiating movments that require specific sequence

52
Q

Identify this part of the brain

A

Supplementary motor cortex

53
Q

Identify this part of the brain

A

Premotor cortex

Neuro Test 1 (19 decks)

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